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Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) are the principal source of myelinating oligodendrocytes (OLs) and are abundant in demyelinated regions of NMOSD patients, thus possibly representing a cellular target for pharmacological intervention. To explore the therapeutic compounds that enhance myelination due to endogenous OPCs, we screened the candidate drugs in mouse neural progenitor cell (NPC)\u2010derived OPCs. We identified drug edaravone, which is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), as a promoter of OPC differentiation into mature OLs. Edaravone enhanced remyelination in organotypic slice cultures and in mice, even when edaravone was administered following NMO\u2010IgG\u2010induced demyelination, and ameliorated motor impairment in a systemic mouse model of NMOSD. The results of mechanistic studies in NMO\u2010IgG\u2010treated mice and the biopsy samples of the brain tissues of NMOSD patients indicated that the mTORC1 signaling pathway was significantly inhibited, and edaravone promoted OPC maturation and remyelination by activating mTORC1 signaling. Furthermore, pharmacological activation of mTORC1 signaling significantly enhanced myelin regeneration in NMOSD. Thus, edaravone is a potential therapeutic agent that promotes lesion repair in NMOSD patients by enhancing OPC maturation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.24271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,12]],"date-time":"2022-09-12T03:25:58Z","timestamp":1662953158000},"page":"284-304","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Remyelination in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder is promoted by edaravone through\n                    <scp>mTORC1<\/scp>\n                    signaling activation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Wenjing","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiming","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanyu","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunxin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenming","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiusheng","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine Research Institute The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chichu","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuejia","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangzhou SALIAI Stem Cell Science and Technology Co., Ltd. Guangdong Saliai Stem Cell Research Institute  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haijia","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangzhou SALIAI Stem Cell Science and Technology Co., Ltd. Guangdong Saliai Stem Cell Research Institute  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuiqing","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8019-3380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Longjun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaxiong","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua\u2010Peking Center for Life Sciences, IDG\/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tsinghua University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changyong","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0880-958X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong Province China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867326666190124122752"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"132","article-title":"Axonal damage and loss in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica [Abstract]","volume":"21","author":"Bahn E. 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