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We employed morphological, transcriptomic and physiological methods to extensively characterize microglia in the immature hippocampus following\n                    <jats:italic>S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. 3D morphological analysis revealed activation of microglia after\n                    <jats:italic>S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Differential expression combined with network analysis identified NOD\u2010receptor signaling and trans\u2010endothelial leukocyte trafficking as major mechanisms in microglia. In support, active caspase\u20101 was increased in the hippocampus and using the LysM\u2010eGFP knock\u2010in transgenic mouse, we demonstrate infiltration of leukocytes to the brain together with disruption of the blood\u2013brain barrier. Our findings identify activation of microglia inflammasome as a major mechanism underlying neuroinflammation following infection. The results demonstrate that neonatal\n                    <jats:italic>S. epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection share analogies with\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and neurological diseases, suggesting a previously unrecognized important role in neurodevelopmental disorders in preterm born children.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.24389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,29]],"date-time":"2023-05-29T09:59:56Z","timestamp":1685354396000},"page":"2234-2249","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Transcriptome network analysis links perinatal\n                    <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/i>\n                    infection to microglia reprogramming in the immature hippocampus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Gravina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Ardalan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Translational Neuropsychiatric Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetyana","family":"Chumak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Halfdan","family":"Rydbeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute 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