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These axons are able to enter and grow within the CNS of adult animals, unlike regenerating axons in injured dorsal roots, the majority of which are prevented from penetrating very far into the spinal cord. One reason why the olfactory axons are so successful in entering the CNS may be due, at least partially, to the fact that they are ensheathed by a type of glial cell (the ensheathing cell) that expresses phenotypic features of both astrocyte and Schwann cells. The presence of both L1\/Ng\u2010CAM and N\u2010CAM in the plasma membranes of both ensheathing cells and immature olfactory receptor neurons would enable the olfactory axons to use the glial cell surfaces as a substratum on which to grow. It is probably also true that ensheathing cells synthesize and secrete laminin, thus providing an additional adhesive substrate for the olfactory axons, as well as glia\u2010derived nexin and nerve growth factor, both of which are neuritepromoting agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.440030602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T13:00:55Z","timestamp":1104584455000},"page":"433-449","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":332,"title":["Glial influences on axonal growth in the primary olfactory system"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"Doucette","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2990.1986.tb00150.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00687255"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3051","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.04-12-03051.1984","article-title":"Correlation between growth cone form and movement and their dependence on neuronal age","volume":"4","author":"Argiro V.","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. 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