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Microglia rapidly express IL\u20101\u03b1 after cerebral ischemia, whereas IL\u20101\u03b2 expression is delayed and restricted to a small subset of microglia and infiltrating immune cells. Here, we investigated for the first time the specific contribution of microglial\u2010derived IL\u20101\u03b2 to acute injury and post\u2010stroke neurorepair after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in male and female mice, through microglial\u2010specific tamoxifen\u2010inducible Cre\u2010loxP\u2010mediated recombination. Deletion of microglial IL\u20101\u03b2 improved acute neurological outcomes, reduced neutrophil accumulation in the ischemic brain, and dampened systemic inflammatory cytokines. These effects were most evident during the acute phase and in females in mice. In contrast, long\u2010term functional recovery was largely unaffected. However, microglial IL\u20101\u03b2 deletion differentially regulated post\u2010stroke neurogenesis, enhancing subventricular zone neurogenic responses and ectopic neuroblast migration while limiting hippocampal neurogenesis. Together, these findings identify microglial IL\u20101\u03b2 as a key amplifier of early inflammatory injury after stroke, exerting region\u2010specific effects on neurogenic niches, and highlight distinct, non\u2010redundant roles for microglial IL\u20101 isoforms in ischemic brain injury and repair.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.70164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T11:36:29Z","timestamp":1779968189000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Specific Deletion of Interleukin\u20101 Beta in Microglia Improves Acute Outcome and Modulates Neurogenesis After Ischemic Stroke"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1466-0099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alba","family":"Grayston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neuroscience, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, 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