{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,20]],"date-time":"2024-07-20T08:21:40Z","timestamp":1721463700452},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,9]],"date-time":"2011-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1297209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Geriat Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Alterations in plasma and in lumbar cerebrospinal fluid amyloid\u2010B peptide (A\u03b2) levels have been reported in Alzheimer's disease. Studies have also suggested similar changes in depressed patients. No information is available on the impact of psychotropic drugs on this in patients with depression. We therefore quantified A\u03b2 in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in a population of patients with treatment\u2010resistant depression, with and without antipsychotic medication.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional study of 32 patients undergoing subcaudate tractotomy for major (unipolar) depressive disorder. Ventricular CSF concentrations of A\u03b2 peptide 1\u201340 and 1\u201342, also p\u2010tau and total tau were determined by Western blotting or enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients taking antipsychotic medication in the 2 weeks prior to surgery demonstrated significantly higher levels of A\u03b2 1\u201340 (mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD: 727.3\u2009\u00b1\u2009382.3 vs. 440.9\u2009\u00b1\u2009337.2\u2009pg\/ml; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.032, Student's <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test) but unaltered A\u03b2 1\u201342 (mean 72.1\u2009\u00b1\u200967.5 vs. 60.0\u2009\u00b1\u200956.7\u2009pg\/ml; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.587) compared to a matched sample not treated with antipsychotic drugs. The same group demonstrated elevated total tau (mean 945.0\u2009\u00b1\u2009422.2 vs. 534.3\u2009\u00b1\u2009388.3\u2009pg\/ml; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.010) but not p\u2010tau (mean 98.6\u2009\u00b1\u200971.5 vs. 88.1\u2009\u00b1\u200970.5\u2009pg\/ml; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.694). No similar effect was found with lithium, antidepressants, carbamazepine or benzodiazepines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This preliminary study suggests antipsychotic drugs, widely used in patients with severe depression across all age ranges, may be associated with alteration of A\u03b2 1\u201340 and total tau, indices strongly linked with progressive organic brain disease. Further confirmatory work is needed. Copyright \u00a9 2011 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2678","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,10]],"date-time":"2011-02-10T02:00:54Z","timestamp":1297303254000},"page":"1283-1291","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Antipsychotic medication is associated with selective alterations in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid A\u03b2 40 and tau in patients with intractable unipolar depression"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Nicholas A.","family":"Clarke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma L.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clive 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