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A five\u2010year follow\u2010up, 30 patients had died. Pneumonia was the most common cause (73%), followed by malignancy (20%) and heart disease (7%). Kaplan\u2013Meier survival curves showed a lower survival rate in patients with early\u2010onset Alzheimer's disease than in age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched life\u2010table data in Japan. In Cox proportional hazards analysis, male gender, early disease onset, concurrent physical illness at time of diagnosis, and a low mini\u2010mental state examination score increased the likelihood of death in patients with early\u2010onset Alzheimer's disease. Our study confirmed that these patients have considerable excess mortality and a different pattern of cause of death than in the general population. Gender, age at onset, physical illness, and cognitive function strongly influenced survival. These factors may be predictors of mortality in patients with early\u2010onset Alzheimer's disease that are useful in counseling patients and their families. 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