{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T20:30:01Z","timestamp":1780086601346,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]],"date-time":"2015-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Geriat Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Comorbid depression and cardiometabolic abnormalities might represent an important subgroup of depression. The aim of the present study was to evaluate lifestyle and health\u2010related characteristics of individuals with both depressive symptoms and cardiometabolic abnormalities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data were from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. The sample was comprised of 5365 adults aged 50\u201380\u2009years. High depressive symptoms were based on the eight\u2010item Center for Epidemiologic Studies \u2013 Depression scale. Cardiometabolic abnormalities were defined as having \u22653 cardiometabolic risk factors (hypertension, impaired glycemic control, systemic inflammation, low high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, and central obesity). Four groups were created based on Center for Epidemiologic Studies \u2013 Depression scores and cardiometabolic abnormalities: those with (i) comorbid depressive symptoms and cardiometabolic abnormalities (DCM); (ii) depressive symptoms only (DnoCM); (iii) cardiometabolic abnormalities only; and (iv) neither depressive symptoms nor cardiometabolic abnormalities. Lifestyle and health\u2010related characteristics of the four groups were compared using chi\u2010square tests. A modified Poisson regression analysis was performed to compare the DCM and the DnoCM groups with respect to lifestyle and health\u2010related characteristics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Those in the DCM group were significantly less physically active (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003), had poorer self\u2010rated health (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), had lower income (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001), and were more likely to be retired (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) than those in the DnoCM group. The pattern of results remained after controlling for other lifestyle and health\u2010related factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results provide support for a cardiometabolic subgroup of depression that is associated with physical inactivity, poorer self\u2010rated health, lower income, and retirement. 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