{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T14:06:59Z","timestamp":1780582019536,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,10]],"date-time":"2017-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1489104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Geriat Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for severe late\u2010life depression; however, ECT\u2010induced cognitive side effects frequently occur. The cholinergic system is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis. We systematically reviewed the evidence for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (Ache\u2010I) to prevent or reduce ECT\u2010induced cognitive side effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A systematic search was performed in Pubmed, EMBASE, PsychINFO, and the Cochrane database to identify clinical trials investigating the effect of Ache\u2010I on ECT\u2010induced cognitive side effects. Key search terms included all synonyms for ECT and Ache\u2010I. Risk of bias assessment was conducted by using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Five clinical trials were eligible for inclusion. All studies focused on cognitive functioning as primary endpoint, but assessment of cognitive functioning varied widely in time point of assessment and in cognitive tests that were used. There was also great variety in study medication, route and time of administration and dosages, duration of drug administration, and ECT techniques. Finally, only two out of five studies were considered at low risk of bias. Despite the aforementioned shortcomings, without exception, all studies demonstrated significantly better cognitive performance in individuals treated with Ache\u2010I.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite large heterogeneity in studies, Ache\u2010I appear to have beneficial effects on ECT\u2010induced cognitive side effects, supporting an association with the cholinergic system in ECT\u2010induced cognitive impairment. Methodological sound studies controlling for putative confounders are warranted. Copyright \u00a9 2017 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,10]],"date-time":"2017-03-10T16:30:47Z","timestamp":1489163447000},"page":"522-531","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for electroconvulsive therapy\u2010induced cognitive side effects: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3207-8825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marieke J.","family":"Henstra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatric Medicine Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elise P.","family":"Jansma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Library VU University Medical Center  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute VU University Medical Center  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"van der Velde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatric Medicine Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleonora 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