{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T21:11:30Z","timestamp":1779138690190,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]],"date-time":"2017-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"China-Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Geriat Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the clinical evidence for traditional medicines (TMs) used in East Asia on measures of cognition in Alzheimer disease, determine the effect sizes at different time points for the TMs and pharmacotherapies, and assess the tolerability of the TMs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We searched 12 databases in English, Chinese, and Japanese for eligible randomised controlled trials that compared orally administered TMs with pharmacotherapy and reported cognitive outcomes. Meta\u2010analyses were conducted for Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale\u2013cognitive subscale and\/or Mini\u2010Mental State Examination (MMSE). Mean differences and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to evaluate treatment effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty randomised controlled trials met inclusion criteria. Twenty\u2010nine compared TMs with donepezil. Single studies provided comparisons with galantamine, rivastigmine, or memantine. There were no significant differences between the TM and donepezil groups at 12 or 24\u00a0weeks for Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale\u2010cognitive subscale or MMSE. Improvements over baseline were significant for MMSE at 12 and 24\u00a0weeks within the TM and donepezil groups and remained significant at 1\u00a0year. Effect sizes were reduced in the 3 double\u2010blind studies. At 24\u00a0weeks, donepezil 10\u00a0mg\/d generally produced greater improvements in MMSE than 5\u00a0mg\/d. Tolerability reporting was incomplete and inconsistent between studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results suggested that the clinical benefits of the TMs were not less than donepezil at comparable time points, with both groups showing improvements. However, lack of blinding in most studies and other design and measurement issues are likely to have resulted in overestimation of effect sizes in both groups. Further well\u2010designed studies are needed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4830","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]],"date-time":"2017-12-14T10:17:03Z","timestamp":1513246623000},"page":"449-458","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Comparisons between traditional medicines and pharmacotherapies for <scp>A<\/scp>lzheimer disease: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of cognitive outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Brian H.","family":"May","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The China\u2010Australia International Research Centre for Chinese Medicine, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences RMIT University  Bundoora VIC Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine  Guangzhou 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