{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T18:00:43Z","timestamp":1792173643938,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,21]],"date-time":"2018-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545350400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. 26340601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 26340601"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["26340601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["26340601"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Geriat Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Apathy is prevalent in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), a treatable disorder resulting from ventricular enlargement. We assessed the relationship between apathy and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in patients with iNPH.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Before lumbo\u2010peritoneal shunt surgery (LPS), 56 iNPH patients were evaluated on apathy and dysphoria subscales of the Neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI), and were divided into two groups according to NPI apathy score: 15 without apathy (iNPH\u2212APA) and 41 with apathy (iNPH+APA). Among iNPH+APA, 29 patients were evaluated for apathy and dysphoria 3\u00a0months after LPS, and were divided into two groups on the basis of the change in NPI apathy score: 13 with improvement (iNPH+ImpAPA) and 16 without improvement in apathy (iNPH\u2212ImpAPA). N\u2010isopropyl\u2010p\u2010iodoamphetamine single photon emission computed tomography using the autoradiography method was performed before and after LPS, and rCBF was calculated in 22 regions of interest in the frontal cortex, basal ganglia, and limbic system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In iNPH+APA, rCBF in the right caudate nuclei before LPS was significantly lower than that in iNPH\u2212APA (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.004; two\u2010sample <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> test). Between iNPH\u2212ImpAPA and iNPH+ImpAPA, a significant group\u2010by\u2010shunt interaction was observed for rCBF in only the right caudate nuclei (F<jats:sub>1, 28<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a011.75, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002; two\u2010way repeated\u2010measures analysis of variance), with increased rCBF in iNPH+ImpAPA but not in iNPH\u2212ImpAPA. The significant group\u2010by\u2010shunt interaction persisted if change in NPI dysphoria scores was used as a covariate (F<jats:sub>1, 27<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a08.33, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.008).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings suggest that right caudate dysfunction might cause apathy in iNPH patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.5038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,26]],"date-time":"2018-11-26T09:33:30Z","timestamp":1543224810000},"page":"453-462","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Apathy and right caudate perfusion in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: A case\u2010control study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3662-1469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hideki","family":"Kanemoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine  Suita Japan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Mizuma Hospital  Kaizuka Japan"},{"name":"Cognitive Reserve Research Center Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University  Kaizuka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Kazui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine  Suita Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kochi Medical School Kochi University  Kochi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Suehiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine  Suita Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haruhiko","family":"Kishima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine  Suita Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukiko","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine  Suita Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunsuke","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine  Suita Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shingo","family":"Azuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine  Suita Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuya","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine  Suita Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Yoshiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine  Suita Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eku","family":"Shimosegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Imaging in Medicine Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine  Suita Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshihisa","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine  Suita Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manabu","family":"Ikeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine  Suita Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196507152730301"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000342"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12472"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/791491"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2016.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-142337"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000351670"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2008.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhj043"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/286427"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25904"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.64.7.1015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000103633"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2007.00798.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2007.12.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RCT.0000000000000254"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.52.775"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1991.tb01616.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.55.11.1621"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01688638908400940"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.5_Suppl_6.10S"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-199609000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/117.4.859"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.39.3.349"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160223"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2015.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2007.00906.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2009.02.080"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","first-page":"1884","article-title":"A, Salgado\u2010Pineda P, et al. postsurgical cerebral perfusion changes in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a statistical parametric mapping study of SPECT images","volume":"44","author":"Matar\u00f3 M","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","first-page":"38","article-title":"Apathy, ventriculomegaly and neurocognitive improvement following shunt surgery in normal pressure hydrocephalus","volume":"30","author":"Peterson KA","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Neurosurg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.WCB.0000093326.88757.49"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0000000000000191"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2016.08.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000347147"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fgps.5038","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/gps.5038","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/gps.5038","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/gps.5038","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T11:42:06Z","timestamp":1694000526000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/gps.5038"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,21]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/gps.5038"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/gps.5038","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0885-6230","1099-1166"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0885-6230","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1166","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-03-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-11-14","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-12-21","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}