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This systematic review examines the prevalence, incidence, and patterns of neurocognitive and psychiatric comorbidities of PTSD among older veterans and explores the factors associated with these comorbidities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A systematic literature review was performed using PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases. The search was limited to peer\u2010reviewed articles published in English from January 1980 to October 2018. Eligible studies examined the comorbid neurocognitive and psychiatric disorders of PTSD among veterans aged 60 and older.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010four studies met the criteria for inclusion. The risk for dementia was higher in veterans with PTSD than those without PTSD; hazard ratios ranged from 1.21 to 1.77. Depressive disorder was the most prevalent psychiatric comorbidity with estimates ranging from 33% to 52.3%, followed by generalized anxiety disorder (14%\u201015%) and substance use disorders (1.9%\u201011.3%). Factors consistently associated with PTSD comorbidities included age, combat\u2010related exposures, clinical conditions, and health\u2010related and psychosocial outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite heterogeneity in research designs and methodological limitations, this review highlights the need to consider comorbid neurocognitive and psychiatric disorders among older veterans with PTSD in order to individualize care approaches. Future research should incorporate factors associated with neurocognitive and psychiatric comorbidities of PTSD into study designs that can help improve prediction of comorbidity and generate evidence for developing and implementing tailored treatments in older veterans.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.5055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,27]],"date-time":"2018-12-27T05:05:50Z","timestamp":1545887150000},"page":"522-538","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Neurocognitive and psychiatric comorbidities of posttraumatic stress disorder among older veterans: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7002-2315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bada","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing Duke University  Durham NC USA"},{"name":"Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC) Durham Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center  Durham NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanzhang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing Duke University  Durham NC USA"},{"name":"Department of Community and Family Medicine Duke University  Durham NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleanor S.","family":"McConnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing Duke University  Durham NC USA"},{"name":"Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC) Durham Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center  Durham NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-0786-8_6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnv093"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"91","article-title":"A life\u2010span perspective on the effects of military service","volume":"30","author":"Spiro A","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"175","article-title":"Military service in the life course","volume":"33","author":"MacLean A","year":"2007","journal-title":"Soc Forces"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0164027505281577"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0882-7974.9.1.17"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0164027505281560"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwf187"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/00485713-20090728-04"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","volume-title":"Invisible wounds of war: psychological and cognitive injuries, their consequences, and services to assist recovery","author":"Tanielian TL","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-6185(99)00045-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.1099"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610211000366"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1995.03950240066012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291701004287"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13607863.2014.920299"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00019442-200501000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","first-page":"189","volume-title":"Cognitive Behavior Therapy with Older Adults: Innovations Across Care Settings","author":"Thorp SR","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","volume-title":"How To Improve Care for People With Multimorbidity in Europe?","author":"Rijken M","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","unstructured":"MeryG WodchisWP BiermanAS LabergeM.Caring for people with multiple chronic conditions: a necessary intervention in Ontario2013;Vol 2.https:\/\/tspace.library.utoronto.ca\/bitstream\/1807\/87372\/1\/Mery%20et%20al_2013_Caring%20for%20People%20with%20Multiple.pdf. 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