{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T20:52:25Z","timestamp":1773867145113,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]],"date-time":"2020-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583971200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 106\u20102314\u2010B\u2010038 \u2010050 \u2010MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 106\u20102314\u2010B\u2010038 \u2010050 \u2010MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Geriat Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Obesity, aging, and pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SCZ) may collectively contribute to the gray matter loss in brain regions of SCZ. We attempted to examine the association between volumes of specific brain regions, body mass index (BMI), inflammatory markers, and clinical features in older SCZ patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinically stable outpatients with schizophrenia (DSM\u2010IV) aged \u226550\u2009years were recruited to undergo whole\u2010brain magnetic resonance imaging. We measured patients' plasma levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor\u20101, soluble interleukin (IL)\u20102 receptor (sIL\u20102R), IL\u20101\u03b2, and IL\u20101 receptor antagonist (IL\u20101Ra). Clinical data were obtained from medical records and interviewing patients along with their reliable others.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were 32 patients with mean age 58.8\u2009years in this study. Multivariate regression analysis found only higher BMI significantly associated with lower volume of total gray matter, bilateral orbitofrontal and prefrontal cortexes, and the right hippocampal and frontal cortexes. Increased intensity of residual symptoms (higher Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale scores) was related to lower volumes of frontal lobe, prefrontal cortex, insula, hippocampus, left hemisphere amygdala, and total white matter. The lower volume of left anterior cingulum was associated with older age and higher sIL\u20102R plasma level; and higher IL\u20101Ra level was associated with greater right anterior cingulate volume. Older age at illness onset was significantly associated with the smaller right insula volume.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Higher BMI, more residual symptoms, and inflammatory activity in IL\u20102 and IL\u20101 systems may play a role in gray matter loss in various brain regions of schizophrenia across the life span.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.5291","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]],"date-time":"2020-03-04T05:01:12Z","timestamp":1583298072000},"page":"728-736","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Body mass index, residual psychotic symptoms, and inflammation associated with brain volume reduction in older patients with schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5662-0055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shang\u2010Ying","family":"Tsai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3073-668X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martha","family":"Sajatovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jung\u2010Lung","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center and College of Medicine Chang\u2010Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kuo\u2010Hsuan","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pao\u2010Huan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Jui","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2015.06.028"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"513","article-title":"Voxel\u2010based morphometry for schizophrenia: a review","volume":"69","author":"Nemoto K","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Nerve"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.12641"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2013.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2012.116"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22159"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.21353"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2009.05.003"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"169","article-title":"Obesity, inflammation and cognition","volume":"9","author":"Eirini CS","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Opin Behav Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2005.00637.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sby024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2007.09.024"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","first-page":"663","article-title":"Meta\u2010analysis of cytokine alterations in schizophrenia: clinical status and antipsychotic effects","volume":"70","author":"Brian JM","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.63.11.1292"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2015.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-016-8374-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2010.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20468"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2013.05.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.3.441"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e3181d695af"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2008.01935.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2002.1132"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000032241.58727.49"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70124-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","unstructured":"PanWH. Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan 2013\u20132016.2016. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/hpa.gov.tw\/Cms\/File\/Attach\/6201\/File_12811.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867417699473"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2016.16050610"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20916","article-title":"Structural brain differences and cognitive functioning related to body mass index in older females","volume":"31","author":"Walther K","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","first-page":"601","article-title":"Temporal lobe volume decrements in psychosis spectrum youths","volume":"43","author":"Roalf DR","year":"2017","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20870","article-title":"Brain structure and obesity","volume":"31","author":"Raji CA","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12799"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000000736"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.2574"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2016.238"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2016.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2017.04.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2011.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2006.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13364"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2011.277"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2018.10.093"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2009.12.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2008.06.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpsc.2018.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2010.08.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2013.12050674"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2019.01.005"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fgps.5291","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/gps.5291","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/gps.5291","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/gps.5291","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T15:02:44Z","timestamp":1722524564000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/gps.5291"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/gps.5291"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/gps.5291","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0885-6230","1099-1166"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0885-6230","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1166","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-12-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-02-25","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-03-12","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}