{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T21:00:02Z","timestamp":1780606802720,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,11]],"date-time":"2021-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Geriat Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are associated with dementia severity and progression rate. NPS clusters have different neurobiological underpinnings; therefore, their effect on dementia progression may differ. Furthermore, little is known about whether individual comorbidities affect progression rate. We investigated the effect of NPS clusters and individual comorbidities on dementia progression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A memory clinic cohort with all\u2010cause dementia (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0442) was followed for up to 3 years from diagnosis. Previously, we found trajectory groups of dementia progression in this cohort: one with slow progression and two with rapid progression. In the present study, using principal component analysis, three symptom clusters of NPS were identified on the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI\u2010Q): agitation, affective and psychosis symptom clusters. Data regarding comorbidity were collected by linkage to the Norwegian Patient Registry. Multinomial logistic regression was applied to explore the association between NPS clusters and comorbidity with trajectory\u2010group membership.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adjusted for demographics, dementia aetiology, comorbidity and cognition, we found that, at the time of dementia diagnosis, for every point within the psychosis symptom cluster of the NPI\u2010Q, the risk of rapid progression increased by 53%; for every point within the affective symptom cluster, the risk of rapid progression increased by 29%. A previous diagnosis of mental and behavioural disorders (excluding dementia) decreased the risk of rapid dementia progression by 65%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Psychosis and affective symptom clusters at the time of diagnosis were associated with rapid progression of dementia. Previous diagnoses of mental and behavioural disorders (excluding dementia) were associated with slow progression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.5500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,19]],"date-time":"2021-01-19T02:39:12Z","timestamp":1611023952000},"page":"960-969","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Neuropsychiatric symptoms and comorbidity: Associations with dementia progression rate in a memory clinic cohort"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0530-8771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trine Holt","family":"Edwin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health Vestfold Hospital Trust  T\u00f8nsberg Norway"},{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine Oslo University Hospital  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bj\u00f8rn Heine","family":"Strand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health Vestfold Hospital Trust  T\u00f8nsberg Norway"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Department of Chronic Diseases and Ageing Oslo Norwegian Institute of Public Health  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Persson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health Vestfold Hospital Trust  T\u00f8nsberg Norway"},{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine Oslo University Hospital  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Knut","family":"Engedal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health Vestfold Hospital Trust  T\u00f8nsberg Norway"},{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine Oslo University Hospital  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geir","family":"Selb\u00e6k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health Vestfold Hospital Trust  T\u00f8nsberg Norway"},{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine Oslo University Hospital  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne\u2010Brita","family":"Knapskog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine Oslo University Hospital  Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-012546"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","volume-title":"Global Action Plan on the Public Health Response to Dementia 2017 \u2010 2025","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000482"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2016.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0161092"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.09.069"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.9.4.556"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610216001654"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1166(200002)15:2<181::AID-GPS96>3.0.CO;2-I"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4704"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trci.2019.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-160767"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180476"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4037"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170697"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2004.09.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.13314"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2019.03.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcr118"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glw079"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0177044"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-018-0813-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610220003270"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","unstructured":"Helse og omsorgsdepartementet.Forskrift om innsamling og behandling av helseopplysninger i Norsk pasientregister (Norsk pasientregisterforskriften). In:omsorgsdepartementet H\u2010o ed. (Vol. FOR\u20102007\u201012\u201007\u20101389). Oslo Norway:Lovdata;2007."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.140.6.566"},{"issue":"22","key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","first-page":"2254","article-title":"The Memory Clinic\u2010\u2010outpatient assessment when dementia is suspected","volume":"131","author":"Braekhus A","year":"2011","journal-title":"Tidsskrift den Norske laegeforening tidsskrift praktisk Med ny raekke"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1958.8.3.271"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","volume-title":"Handbook of Normative Data for Neuropsychological Assessment","author":"Mitrushina M","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21507"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004058"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr179"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31821103e6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.12.2.233"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.44.12.2308"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","volume-title":"ICD\u201010 : International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glq208"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.121208.131413"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.65.8.1091"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","volume-title":"Using Multivariate Statistics","author":"Tabachnick BG","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170859"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2014.14040480"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-190662"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4893"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.111.101931"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540260802094480"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.57.12.1165"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-131166"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(200012)48:6<868::AID-ANA7>3.0.CO;2-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000341932.21961.f3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-019-0592-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2010-1274"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1990.00530020117023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000100582"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","first-page":"147","article-title":"Distinct neuroanatomical correlates of neuropsychiatric symptoms in the three main forms of genetic frontotemporal dementia in the GENFI cohort","volume":"65","author":"Sellami L","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Alzheimer's Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00019442-200301000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2015.1546"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2009.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.5175"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.45.1.51"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2006.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000078501"},{"issue":"18","key":"e_1_2_10_67_1","first-page":"e2070","article-title":"INTREPAD: a randomized trial of naproxen to slow progress of presymptomatic Alzheimer disease","volume":"92","author":"Meyer P\u2010F","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2017.09.016"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/gps.5500","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/gps.5500","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/gps.5500","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T13:29:12Z","timestamp":1693574952000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/gps.5500"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,11]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/gps.5500"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/gps.5500","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0885-6230","1099-1166"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0885-6230","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1166","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-08-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-27","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-11","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}