{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T21:48:44Z","timestamp":1785188924858,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,12]],"date-time":"2022-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Geriat Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to clarify the diagnostic performance and neural basis of the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) combining free\u2010 and pre\u2010drawn methods.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective study included 165 participants (91 with Alzheimer disease [AD], 52 with amnestic mild cognitive impairment [aMCI], and 22 healthy controls [HC]), who were divided into four groups according to their free\u2010 and pre\u2010drawn CDT scores: group 1, could do both; group 2, impaired in both; group 3, impaired in pre\u2010drawn CDT; and group 4, impaired in free\u2010drawn CDT. The diagnostic performances of the free\u2010drawn, pre\u2010drawn, and combination methods were compared using receiver operating characteristics analysis; in voxel\u2010based morphometry analysis, the gray matter (GM) volume of groups 2\u20134 were compared with that of group 1.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The area under the curve of the combination method was greater than that of the free\u2010 or pre\u2010drawn method alone when comparing AD with HC or aMCI. Group 2 had a significantly smaller GM volume in the bilateral temporal lobes than group 1. Group 3 had a trend toward smaller GM volumes in the right temporal lobe when a liberal threshold was applied. Group 4 had significantly smaller GM volumes in the left temporal lobe than group 1.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study suggests that the combination method may be able to screen for a wider range of brain dysfunction. Combined use of free\u2010 and pre\u2010drawn CDT may be useful for screening for AD and its early detection and treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.5699","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T03:44:33Z","timestamp":1646451873000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Diagnostic performance and neural basis of the combination of free\u2010 and pre\u2010drawn Clock Drawing Test"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Ayu","family":"Imai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Graduate School of Medical Science Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7683-7825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teruyuki","family":"Matsuoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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