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However, the underlying mechanisms of THSWD in treating diabetes\u2010associated cognitive dysfunction (DACD) are not entirely explored. This study is aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of THSWD in DACD model rats and the underlying mechanism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ultra\u2010high\u2010phase liquid chromatography was employed to identify the main compounds contained in the THSWD extract. DACD rat model was induced by feeding with a high\u2010sugar and high\u2010fat diet and injecting streptozotocin (35\u00a0mg\/kg). DACD rats were gavaged with THSWD for 1\u00a0week. The learning and memory abilities of the rats were measured by using the Morris water maze. Western blotting was used to detect the changes in DACD rat targets. Statistical methods were used to evaluate the correlation between proteins.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results show that THSWD effectively reduced the escape latency, hippocampal neuron damage, glycosylated hemoglobin, type A1C, and blood lipid levels in DACD rats. Furthermore, DACD rats showed significantly increased amyloid precursor protein, \u03b2\u2010secretase, A\u03b2<jats:sub>1\u221240<\/jats:sub>, A\u03b2<jats:sub>1\u221242<\/jats:sub>, Tau phosphorylation, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) expression. However, THSWD treatment can reverse this phenomenon.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>THSWD can improve the learning and memory abilities of DACD rats by inhibiting the expression of AEGs\u2010AGE receptors pathway, which provides an experimental basis for the clinical application of THSWD. In addition, the experiment combines pharmacological and statistical methods, which offers a new perspective for the study of Chinese herbal medicine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.6076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,16]],"date-time":"2024-03-16T06:32:28Z","timestamp":1710570748000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Tao Hong Si Wu Decoction ameliorates diabetes\u2010associated cognitive dysfunction by inhibiting the formation of amyloid plaques"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Ming","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Anhui University of Chinese Medicine  Hefei Anhui China"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine  Hefei Anhui China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula Research Anhui University of Chinese Medicine  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