{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T10:12:46Z","timestamp":1766139166963,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Geriat Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study is to investigate sensitivity and specificity of the two\u2010item Whooley questions compared to the 15\u2010item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS\u201015) for the detection of depressive symptoms in acutely hospitalized geriatric patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients were prospectively recruited. Two\u2010item Whooley questions and GDS\u201015 were performed within 24\u00a0h of admission, the GDS\u201015 being part of the routine geriatric assessment. Montgomery\u2010Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) served as gold standard in the form of a structured interview which was performed within 48\u00a0h of admission. In addition, all patients were examined for independence (Barthel Index), cognition (mini\u2010mental status examination), vision and hearing (finger rub test) and multimorbidity (Charlson Comorbidity Index).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>248 patients were recruited. Median (Q1\/3) age was 83 (\/3 79\/86) years, 157 patients (63%) were female. Whooley questions had a sensitivity of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.81\u20130.99) and specificity of 0.49 (95% CI: 0.43\u20130.56) identifying moderate depressive symptoms (MADRS \u2265 20 points) with a negative predictive value (NPV) of 0.99. This is compared to a sensitivity of 0.57 (95% CI: 0.37\u20130.75) and specificity of 0.62 (95% CI: 0.56\u20130.68) using GDS\u201015 to identify moderate depressive symptoms. Both functional impairment and cognitive deficits had an impact on the result of GDS\u201015, but did not influence the result of Whooley questions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared to the GDS\u201015, the two\u2010item Whooley questions are more accurate to screen for symptoms of depression in acutely hospitalized geriatric patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.70083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T03:24:17Z","timestamp":1745378657000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Simplified Screening for Depression in Acutely Hospitalized Geriatric Patients: Comparison of the Two\u2010Item Whooley Questions With the Geriatric Depression 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Krankenhaus  Frankfurt Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Wunner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Friedrich\u2010Alexander\u2010University  Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katrin","family":"Singler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biomedicine of Aging Friedrich\u2010Alexander\u2010University Erlangen\u2010Nuremberg  Nuremberg Germany"},{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine Klinikum N\u00fcrnberg Paracelsus Private Medical University  Nuremberg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Sch\u00fctze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine AGAPLESION Markus Krankenhaus  Frankfurt 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