{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T11:46:08Z","timestamp":1791287168866,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753833600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Geriat Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the dose\u2010response relationship between handgrip strength and incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in middle\u2010aged and older adults.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Longitudinal study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A longitudinal study was conducted in people over 50\u00a0years old in 27 European countries and Israel. Data were collected from waves 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) between February 2004 and January 2021. Handgrip strength was measured with a hand dynamometer. AD was self\u2010reported based on previous diagnosis. Dose\u2010response associations were assessed by restricted cubic splines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 85,979 (55.8% female) participants were followed for a median of 9.3\u00a0years. Over this time, 3324 (3.9%) developed AD. In the adjusted model, for participants &lt;\u00a065\u00a0years, those in the middle third of handgrip strength showed a lower risk of AD compared to the lower third (HR\u00a0=\u00a00.63, 95% CI: 0.47\u20130.84), as well as participants in the upper third (HR\u00a0=\u00a00.63, 95% CI: 0.47\u20130.85). The spline model determined that the minimum and optimal doses of handgrip strength for a significant reduction in the risk of AD for those aged &lt;\u00a065\u00a0years were 54\u00a0kg (HR\u00a0=\u00a00.99; 95% CI: 0.08\u20130.99) and 56\u00a0kg (HR\u00a0=\u00a00.27; 95% CI: 0.08\u20130.91), respectively. Among those aged \u2265\u00a065\u00a0years, the minimum and optimal doses were 31\u00a0kg (HR\u00a0=\u00a00.69; 95% CI: 0.48\u20130.99) and 49\u00a0kg (HR\u00a0=\u00a00.57; 95% CI: 0.43\u20130.76), respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Higher levels of handgrip strength showed a lower risk of developing AD, among adults aged 50\u00a0years and over. However, the dose\u2010response relationship is limited to specific ranges according to age group. We identified a range between 54 and 56\u00a0kg\u00a0years and a range between 31 and 49\u00a0kg as suitable to prevent AD in adults aged 50\u201364 and\u00a0\u2265\u00a065\u00a0years, respectively. Routine assessment of hand grip strength can help healthcare professionals identify people at increased risk of AD. Strength\u2010based interventions could provide a practical strategy to support cognitive health and reduce the risk of dementia in clinical practice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.70137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T15:09:04Z","timestamp":1753888144000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Dose\u2010Response Association of Handgrip Strength With Alzheimer's Disease: A Longitudinal Study Involving 85,979 Adults"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Rodrigo","family":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez\u2010Cort\u00e9s","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy Physiotherapy in Motion Multispeciality Research Group (PTinMOTION) University of Valencia  Valencia Spain"},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy Faculty of Medicine University of Chile  Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8670-8346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joaqu\u00edn","family":"Calatayud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Centre for the Working Environment  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH\u2010RG) University of Valencia  Valencia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3523-4539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio","family":"Calonge\u2010Pascual","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"REDAFLED Research Group Departamento de Did\u00e1ctica de la Expresi\u00f3n Musical Pl\u00e1stica y Corporal Facultad de Educaci\u00f3n Universidad de Valladolid  Soria Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2777-8085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars Louis","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Centre for the Working Environment  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1843-6884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R\u00fani","family":"Bl\u00e1foss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Centre for the Working Environment  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Research Unit for Muscle Physiology and Biomechanics Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics University of Southern Denmark  Odense Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7412-7624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Francisco","family":"L\u00f3pez\u2010Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Universidad Esp\u00edritu Santo  Samborond\u00f3n Ecuador"},{"name":"Vicerrector\u00eda de Investigaci\u00f3n y Postgrado Universidad de Los Lagos  Osorno Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7865-3429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rub\u00e9n","family":"L\u00f3pez\u2010Bueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Centre for the Working Environment  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH\u2010RG) University of Valencia  Valencia Spain"},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Nursing University of Zaragoza  Zaragoza Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awv191"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"\u201cDementia \u201d September 20 2022. 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