{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T18:51:12Z","timestamp":1772304672771,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J Geriat Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Plasma phosphorylated tau (p\u2010tau) levels, such as p\u2010tau181, are elevated in Alzheimer's disease compared to cognitively unimpaired individuals. They represent potential candidate blood biomarkers for use in memory services where CSF examinations are not available. However, the effect of age on plasma p\u2010tau levels remains undetermined. Limited studies have investigated the association between age and plasma p\u2010tau thus far, and fewer still have differentiated levels by brain amyloid pathology. Characterising these associations and determining if this is influenced by sociodemographic factors or medical comorbidities is important for establishing blood biomarker reference ranges.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using ADNI data, we analysed 860 observations (581 participants; age range: 55\u201395\u00a0years; 56.0% male; 93.6% White). Linear mixed models (LMMs) estimated fixed effects of age, creatinine, baseline BMI, sex, ethnicity, and group (Control vs. AD) on plasma p\u2010tau181 concentration, with a random intercept for participant ID. Separate LMMs assessed covariate effects and interactions with group status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Analysis of ADNI data revealed a significant positive association between p\u2010tau181 levels, group status, and creatinine in the fully adjusted LLM. Group status may have obscured the total effect of age on p\u2010tau181, as its removal from the model resulted in a significant age effect. Single\u2010variable models showed the positive association between either age, or creatinine and p\u2010tau181 levels did not differ between control and AD groups. There was a significant negative association between BMI and plasma p\u2010tau, which was stronger in AD versus control groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study provides insights into the factors that may influence plasma p\u2010tau181 levels. These findings underscore the need to account for clinical and demographic factors when interpreting p\u2010tau181. Future research should validate these associations in diverse populations and explore underlying mechanisms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.70138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T16:10:31Z","timestamp":1753805431000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Associations of Plasma p\u2010tau181 With Age, Adjusted for Kidney Function and Sociodemographic Factors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7223-4768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jemma","family":"Hazan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychiatry University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7482-2758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathy Y.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychiatry University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Zetterberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dementia Research Institute University College London  London UK"},{"name":"Institute of Neurology University College London  London UK"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg  M\u00f6lndal Sweden"},{"name":"Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory Sahlgrenska University Hospital  M\u00f6lndal Sweden"},{"name":"Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nick","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dementia Research Institute University College London  London UK"},{"name":"Institute of Neurology University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Howard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychiatry University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"with ADNI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582\u2010022\u201000665\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac333"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1474\u20104422(20)30071\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591\u2010020\u20100755\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1474\u20104422(21)00214\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.12134"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035\u2010021\u201000234\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591\u2010021\u201001382\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","volume-title":"Revised Criteria for Diagnosis and Staging of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: Alzheimer\u2019s Association Workgroup","author":"Jack Jr C. 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