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Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The rising prevalence and early onset of mental health problems among children and adolescents pose a critical public health challenge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to identify distinct profiles of mental health multimorbidity, examine their associations with physical conditions and evaluate the dose\u2013response relationships between the number of mental health multimorbidities and physical condition risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using cross\u2010sectional data from 30\u00a0556 children aged 6\u201317\u00a0years in the 2023 United States National Survey of Children's Health, we applied latent class analysis to derive multimorbidity profiles from nine mental health problems. Multivariable logistic regression assessed associations with 15 physical conditions. Dose\u2013response relationships were evaluated based on the number of co\u2010occurring mental health conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Four distinct profiles were identified: developmental delay\/intellectual disability with mixed problems (DD\/ID with MP, 8.0%), emotional problems (8.2%), attention\u2010deficit\/hyperactivity disorder with behavioural problems (ADHD\u2010BP, 8.0%) and low mental health concerns (75.8%). The three clinical profiles exhibited a significant physical disease burden. DD\/ID with MP showed the strongest associations with neurological and hearing conditions. Although emotional problems and ADHD\u2010BP shared a similar risk profile, emotional problems showed stronger associations with headaches and respiratory issues. A dose\u2013response relationship was observed, with physical disease risk increasing for each additional mental health problem, particularly among children with &gt;\u00a03 disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mental health multimorbidity is significantly associated with increased physical condition risk in a profile\u2010specific and dose\u2010dependent manner. This underscores the need for integrated clinical strategies that account for transdiagnostic patterns and comorbidity burden to enhance risk stratification and tailor interventions in paediatric populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/gps3.70048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:49:53Z","timestamp":1787028593000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mental health multimorbidity and physical conditions in children aged 6\u201317\u00a0years in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1949-3808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hua","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Developmental and Behavioral Pediatric Department &amp; Child Primary Care Department Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Ministry of Education\u2010Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5730-0504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Developmental and Behavioral Pediatric Department &amp; Child Primary Care Department Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Ministry of Education\u2010Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guodong","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao 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