{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:42:56Z","timestamp":1786977776820,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,20]],"date-time":"2020-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587340800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":50,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Hastings Center Report"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>In late 2019, He Jiankui, the Chinese scientist who created the world's first gene\u2010edited babies, and two embryologists were sentenced to prison and fined. Thirteen months earlier, when the world first learned about the experiment, He and his colleagues drew swift and nearly uniform international condemnation for prematurely moving to human trials, for the risks they took with the children's health, and for He's secrecy. The organizing committee for the second genome editing summit said the experiment failed to conform with international norms.\u201d In the United States, the legal picture is complex. No doubt the specific experiment He performed would have run afoul of long\u2010standing research regulations due to its problems with informed consent and ethical review. But other laws also affect this kind of work, in particular, a budget rider that for the past four years has been included in federal appropriations legislation<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hast.1094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,20]],"date-time":"2020-04-20T14:22:56Z","timestamp":1587392576000},"page":"4-5","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Budgets versus Bans: How U.S. Law Restricts Germline Gene Editing"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Josephine","family":"Johnston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_2_2_1_1.1","unstructured":"Associated Press \"Chinese Researcher Claims Birth of First Gene\u2010Edited Babies-Twin Girls \" STAT November 25 2018 https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/2018\/11\/25\/china-first-gene-edited-babies-born\/"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_2_2_1_1.2","unstructured":"R. Stein \"Facing Backlash Chinese Scientist Defends Gene\u2010Editing Research on Babies \"Morning Edition National Public Radio November 28 2018 https:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/health-shots\/2018\/11\/28\/671375070\/facing-backlash-chinese-scientist-defends-gene-editing-research-on-babies."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","unstructured":"National Academies of Sciences Engineering and MedicineSecond International Summit on Human Genome Editing: Continuing the Global Discussion(Proceedings of a Workshop\u2014in Brief) January2019 p.8 athttps:\/\/www.nap.edu\/catalog\/25343\/second-international-summit-on-human-genome-editing-continuing-the-global-discussion."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad6778"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","unstructured":"Further Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2020 H.R. 1865 1167th Cong. (2020)."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","unstructured":"\u201cTherapeutic Cloning and Genome Modification \u201d U.S. Food and Drug Administration March 16 2018 http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/vaccines-blood-biologics\/cellular-gene-therapy-products\/therapeutic-cloning-and-genome-modification."},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_2_6_1","first-page":"608","article-title":"FDA Regulation of Clinical Applications of CRISPR\u2010CAS Gene\u2010Editing Technology","volume":"71","author":"Grant E. V.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Drug Law Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_1","unstructured":"\u201cTypes of FDA Enforcement Actions \u201d U.S. Food and Drug Administration November 6 2017 http:\/\/www.fda.gov\/animal-veterinary\/resources-you\/types-fda-enforcement-actions."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_1","unstructured":"M.Kearl \u201cDickey-Wicker Amendment 1996 \u201d inEmbryo Project Encyclopedia Arizona State University 2019 article published August 27 2010 http:\/\/embryo.asu.edu\/handle\/10776\/2050."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H.Maet al. \u201cCorrection of a Pathogenic Gene Mutation in Human Embryos \u201dNature(online publication August 2 2017): doi:10.1038\/nature23305.","DOI":"10.1038\/nature23305"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_1","unstructured":"R.Stein \u201cNew U.S. Experiments Aim to Create Gene\u2010Edited Human Embryos \u201dMorning Edition National Public Radio February 1 2019 https:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/health-shots\/2019\/02\/01\/689623550\/new-u-s-experiments-aim-to-create-gene-edited-human-embryos."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_1","unstructured":"R.Stein \u201cScientists Attempt Controversial Experiment to Edit DNA in Human Sperm Using CRISPR \u201dMorning Edition National Public Radio https:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/health-shots\/2019\/08\/22\/746321083\/scientists-attempt-controversial-experiment-to-edit-dna-in-human-sperm-using-cri."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_1","unstructured":"For example D.Eglihas said \u201cPreventing inherited forms of blindness would be wonderful\u2014very important for affected families \u201d while G. Palermo has said \u201cIf we can wipe out a particular gene it would be incredible\u201d (quoted by Stein in \u201cNew U.S. Experiments Aim to Create Gene\u2010Edited Human Embryos\u201d and \u201cScientists Attempt Controversial Experiment to Edit DNA in Human Sperm Using CRISPR \u201d respectively)."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_1","volume-title":"Mitochondrial Replacement Techniques: Ethical, Social, and Policy Considerations","author":"National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine","year":"2016"}],"container-title":["Hastings Center Report"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fhast.1094","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hast.1094","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/hast.1094","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hast.1094","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T01:00:24Z","timestamp":1692838824000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hast.1094"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hast.1094"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hast.1094","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0093-0334","1552-146X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0093-0334","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-146X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-04-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}