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Recent neurodevelopmental models posit an abnormal early surge in subcortical white matter growth in at least some autistic children, perhaps normalizing by adulthood, but other studies report subcortical white matter deficits. To investigate the profile of these alterations in 3D, we mapped brain volumetric differences using a relatively new method, tensor\u2010based morphometry. 3D T1\u2010weighted brain MRIs of 24 male children with ASD (age: 9.5 years \u00b1 3.2 SD) and 26 age\u2010matched healthy controls (age: 10.3 \u00b1 2.4 SD) were fluidly registered to match a common anatomical template. Autistic children had significantly enlarged frontal lobes (by 3.6% on the left and 5.1% on the right), and all other lobes of the brain were enlarged significantly, or at trend level. By analyzing the applied deformations statistically point\u2010by\u2010point, we detected significant gray matter volume deficits in bilateral parietal, left temporal and left occipital lobes (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.038, corrected), trend\u2010level cerebral white matter volume excesses, and volume deficits in the cerebellar vermis, adjacent to volume excesses in other cerebellar regions. This profile of excesses and deficits in adjacent regions may (1) indicate impaired neuronal connectivity, resulting from aberrant myelination and\/or an inflammatory process, and (2) help to understand inconsistent findings of regional brain tissue excesses and deficits in autism. Hum Brain Mapp, 2009. \u00a9 2009 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20814","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,24]],"date-time":"2009-06-24T20:11:24Z","timestamp":1245874284000},"page":"3887-3900","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Mapping brain abnormalities in boys with autism"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Caroline C.","family":"Brun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rob","family":"Nicolson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natasha","family":"Lepor\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi\u2010Yu","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine N.","family":"Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy J.","family":"DeVito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dick J.","family":"Drost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter C.","family":"Williamson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nagalingam","family":"Rajakumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur W.","family":"Toga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul M.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20740"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.07.067"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2007.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890423349"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","first-page":"5584","article-title":"Fast and simple computations on tensors with log\u2010Euclidean metric","author":"Arsigny V","year":"2005","journal-title":"INRIA Res Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2000.0582"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","first-page":"248","article-title":"Review of psychopharmacological treatments in adolescents and adults with autistic disorders","volume":"28","author":"Baghdadli A","year":"2002","journal-title":"Encephale"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.10.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2007.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","first-page":"267","volume-title":"Fast fluid registration of medical images, In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Visualization in Biomedical Computing, September 22\u201325","author":"Bro\u2010Nielsen M","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","volume-title":"Comparison of standard and Riemannian fluid registration for tensor\u2010based morphometry in HIV\/AIDS. 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