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We used both classical ROI\u2010based statistics and whole\u2010brain analysis techniques, including voxel\u2010wise analysis with SPM5 and tract\u2010based spatial statistics (TBSS). Using region of interest (ROI) analysis, we found increased MD bilaterally in the inferior cerebellar peduncles (ICP) and reduced FA in the right\u2010sided ICP of ET patients. Whole\u2010brain analyses with TBSS detected increased MD distributed in both motor and nonmotor white matter fibers of ET patients predominantly in the left parietal white matter, while there were no significant FA differences in these areas between ET patients and controls. Voxel\u2010wise analysis with SPM detected significant increase of MD congruent with the highest probability of difference as detected by TBSS. VBM analysis of T1 images did not detect significant differences in either gray or white matter density between our study groups. In summary, we found evidence for changes in white matter MRI properties in ET. The circumscript pathology of the ICP corroborates the pathogenetic concept of the cerebellum and its projections as key structures for tremor generation in ET. Moreover, increased diffusivity in white matter structures of both hemispheres suggests widespread alterations of fiber integrity in motor and nonmotor networks in ET patients. The underlying cause of the DTI changes observed remains to be elucidated. Hum Brain Mapp, 2011. \u00a9 2010 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.21077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,22]],"date-time":"2010-06-22T14:29:47Z","timestamp":1277216987000},"page":"896-904","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":102,"title":["Diffusion tensor imaging of white matter involvement in essential tremor"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Johannes C.","family":"Klein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benedikt","family":"Lorenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun\u2010Suk","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Baudrexel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carola","family":"Seifried","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"van de Loo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helmuth","family":"Steinmetz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralph","family":"Deichmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R\u00fcdiger","family":"Hilker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"AnderssonJLR SmithS JenkinsonM(2008):FNIRT\u2014FMRIB's Non\u2010linear Image Registration Tool. 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