{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T17:12:34Z","timestamp":1790615554587,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,5]],"date-time":"2012-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1352073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Human Brain Mapping"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Surface deformation\u2010based analysis was used to assess local shape variations in the hippocampi and caudate nuclei of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. High\u2010resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging images were acquired for 31 children (19 controls and 12 children diagnosed with fetal alcohol syndrome\/partial FAS). Hippocampi and caudate nuclei were manually segmented, and surface meshes were reconstructed. An iterative closest point algorithm was used to register the template of one control subject to all other shapes in order to capture the true geometry of the shape with a fixed number of landmark points. A point distribution model was used to quantify the shape variations in terms of a change in co\u2010ordinate positions. Using the localized Hotelling T<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>method, regions of significant shape variations between the control and exposed subjects were identified and mapped onto the mean shapes. Binary masks of hippocampi and caudate nuclei were generated from the segmented volumes of each brain. These were used to compute the volumes and for further statistical analysis. The Mann\u2013Whitney test was performed to predict volume differences between the groups. Although the exposed and control subjects did not differ significantly in their volumes, the shape analysis showed the hippocampus to be more deformed at the head and tail regions in the alcohol\u2010exposed children. Between\u2010group differences in caudate nucleus morphology were dispersed across the tail and head regions. Correlation analysis showed associations between the degree of compression and the level of alcohol exposure. These findings demonstrate that shape analysis using three\u2010dimensional surface measures is sensitive to fetal alcohol exposure and provides additional information than volumetric measures alone. Hum Brain Mapp 35:659\u2013672, 2014. \u00a9 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,5]],"date-time":"2012-11-05T11:23:04Z","timestamp":1352114584000},"page":"659-672","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Three\u2010dimensional surface deformation\u2010based shape analysis of hippocampus and caudate nucleus in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Jesuchristopher","family":"Joseph","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC\/UCT Medical Imaging Research Unit Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Human Biology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Warton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Biology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra W.","family":"Jacobson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences Wayne State University School of Medicine Detroit"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph L.","family":"Jacobson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences Wayne State University School of Medicine Detroit"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris D.","family":"Molteno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anton","family":"Eicher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science University of Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Marais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science University of Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Owen R.","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuro Imaging Department of Neurology Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine L.","family":"Narr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuro Imaging Department of Neurology Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ernesta M.","family":"Meintjes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC\/UCT Medical Imaging Research Unit Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Human Biology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2001.tb00179.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Diagnostic Guide for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: The 4\u2010Digit Diagnostic Code","author":"Astley SJ","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2006.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.121791"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1361-8415(97)85012-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1044"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.10110"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cviu.1995.1004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/42.746716"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","unstructured":"FangQ BoasD(2009):Automatic surface and volumetric mesh generation from 3D binary or gray\u2010scale images. 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