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Subjects had to observe or imagine three types of movements effected by the right hand or the right foot with different action goals. The functional magnetic resonance imaging results showed an action\u2010specific organization within premotor and posterior parietal areas of both hemispheres during action simulation, especially during action observation. There were also less pronounced effector\u2010specific activation sites during both simulation processes. It is concluded that the premotor and parietal areas contain multiple motor maps rather than a single, continuous map of the body. The forms of simulation (observation, imagery), the task contexts (movements related to an object, with usual\/unusual effector), and the underlying reason for performing the simulation (rate your subjective success afterwards) lead to the specific use of different representational motor maps within both regions. In our experimental setting, action\u2010specific maps are dominant especially, during action observation, whereas effector\u2010specific maps are recruited to only a lesser degree. <jats:italic>Hum Brain Mapp 35:1212\u20131225, 2014<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,21]],"date-time":"2013-02-21T10:26:21Z","timestamp":1361442381000},"page":"1212-1225","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Neural simulation of actions: Effector\u2010 versus action\u2010specific motor maps within the human premotor and posterior parietal area?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Britta","family":"Lorey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Sports Science, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany"},{"name":"Bender Institute of Neuroimaging, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 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