{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:04:31Z","timestamp":1792782271392,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,3]],"date-time":"2014-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1404345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002923","name":"CONICET (Argentina)","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"LOEWE Neuronale Koordination Forschungsschwerpunkt Frankfurt-NeFF (Germany)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Human Brain Mapping"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The study of rapid changes in brain dynamics and functional connectivity (FC) is of increasing interest in neuroimaging. Brain states departing from normal waking consciousness are expected to be accompanied by alterations in the aforementioned dynamics. In particular, the psychedelic experience produced by psilocybin (a substance found in \u201cmagic mushrooms\u201d) is characterized by unconstrained cognition and profound alterations in the perception of time, space and selfhood. Considering the spontaneous and subjective manifestation of these effects, we hypothesize that neural correlates of the psychedelic experience can be found in the dynamics and variability of spontaneous brain activity fluctuations and connectivity, measurable with functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). Fifteen healthy subjects were scanned before, during and after intravenous infusion of psilocybin and an inert placebo. Blood\u2010Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) temporal variability was assessed computing the variance and total spectral power, resulting in increased signal variability bilaterally in the hippocampi and anterior cingulate cortex. Changes in BOLD signal spectral behavior (including spectral scaling exponents) affected exclusively higher brain systems such as the default mode, executive control, and dorsal attention networks. A novel framework enabled us to track different connectivity states explored by the brain during rest. This approach revealed a wider repertoire of connectivity states post\u2010psilocybin than during control conditions. Together, the present results provide a comprehensive account of the effects of psilocybin on dynamical behavior in the human brain at a macroscopic level and may have implications for our understanding of the unconstrained, hyper\u2010associative quality of consciousness in the psychedelic state.\n                    <jats:italic>Hum Brain Mapp 35:5442\u20135456, 2014<\/jats:italic>\n                    . \u00a9\n                    <jats:bold>2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc<\/jats:bold>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22562","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,3]],"date-time":"2014-07-03T03:12:50Z","timestamp":1404357170000},"page":"5442-5456","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":361,"title":["Enhanced repertoire of brain dynamical states during the psychedelic experience"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Enzo","family":"Tagliazucchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department and Brain Imaging Center Goethe University Frankfurt am Main Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Carhart\u2010Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College London, Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology Division of Experimental Medicine London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Leech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computational Cognitive and Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory (C3NL) Division of Brain Sciences Imperial College London  United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Nutt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College London, Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology Division of Experimental Medicine London United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dante R.","family":"Chialvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnologicas (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.118.3062.273"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncir.2012.00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2003.822821"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2005.1634"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/120.7.1173"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.05.060"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1417.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1111133109"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"241","article-title":"L.S.D. 25 as an aid in psychotherapy; preliminary report of a new drug","volume":"11","author":"Busch AK","year":"1950","journal-title":"Dis Nervous Syst"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10897","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-34-10897.2003","article-title":"Sleep dependent theta oscillations in the human hippocampus and neocortex","volume":"23","author":"Cantero JL","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"83","article-title":"Waves of the unconscious: The neurophysiology of dreamlike phenomena and its implications for the psychodynamic model of the mind","volume":"9","author":"Carhart\u2010Harris R","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuro\u2010Psychoanalysis"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1119598109"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbs117"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2014.00020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2014.00255"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nphys1803"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","volume-title":"The Beyond Within: The LSD Story","author":"Cohen S","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","first-page":"1326","article-title":"Frequencies contributing to functional connectivity in the cerebral cortex in \u201cresting\u2010sate\u201d data","volume":"22","author":"Cordes D","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhs416"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.03.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.01.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2010.0416"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","volume-title":"The Psychedelic Explorer's Guide: Safe, Therapeutic, and Sacred Journeys","author":"Fadiman J","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0504136102"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2201"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/115.2.367"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.116"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.071043098"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0060159"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.110.178101"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","article-title":"Studies in schizophrenia","author":"Heath RG","year":"1954","journal-title":"Camb Mass."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","volume-title":"Moksha: Writings on Psychedelics and the Visionary Experience (1931\u20101963)","author":"Huxley A","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1963.01720110037005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881112439253"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0900924106"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1831638100"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3689-11.2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-008-1579-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","first-page":"75","article-title":"Effects of lysergic acid and various derivatives on depth and cortical electrograms","volume":"3","author":"Monroe RR","year":"1961","journal-title":"J Neuropsychiatr"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v67n1110"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2063-13.2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.02.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.21513"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2011.0019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.2002.01609.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","volume-title":"Stochastic Processes","author":"Ross SM","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Variations in ego feeling induced by d\u2010lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD\u201025)","volume":"42","author":"Savage C","year":"1955","journal-title":"Psychoanal Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurpsyc.1956.02330240017002","article-title":"Effects of mescaline, LSD\u201025, and adrenochrome on depth electrograms in man","volume":"75","author":"Schwarz BE","year":"1956","journal-title":"AMA Arch Neurol Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(56)90118-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0905267106"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2010.08.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2010.11.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/9789814365826_0004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2012.00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2012.00339"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.06.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.12.073"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00256"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1312848110"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.03.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.12.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_64_1","first-page":"56","article-title":"Integrated information theory of consciousness: An updated account","volume":"150","author":"Tononi G","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Ital Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199812010-00024"}],"container-title":["Human Brain Mapping"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fhbm.22562","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hbm.22562","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T20:17:33Z","timestamp":1696364253000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hbm.22562"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,3]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hbm.22562"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hbm.22562","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1065-9471","1097-0193"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1065-9471","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0193","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,3]]}}}