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Less clear is whether preterm\u2010born adults show similar WM impairments, or develop compensatory brain mechanisms that help to overcome prematurity\u2010related functional deficits, for example, by a workload\u2010dependent over\u2010recruitment of WM\u2010typical areas, and\/or engagement of alternative brain networks. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging study, 73 adults born very preterm and\/or with very low birth weight (VP\/VLBW) and 73 term\u2010born controls (CON, mean age: 26.5 years) performed a verbal N\u2010Back paradigm with varying workload (0\u2010back, 1\u2010back, 2\u2010back). Generally, both groups showed similar performance accuracy and task\u2010typical patterns of brain activations (especially in fronto\u2010cingulo\u2010parietal, thalamic, and cerebellar areas) and deactivations (especially in mesial frontal and parietal aspects of the default mode network [DMN]). However, VP\/VLBW adults showed significantly stronger deactivations (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05, cluster\u2010level corrected) than CON in posterior DMN regions, including right ventral precuneus, and right parahippocampal areas (with adjacent cerebellar areas), which were specific for the most demanding 2\u2010back condition. Consistent with a workload\u2010dependent effect, VP\/VLBW adults with stronger deactivations (1\u2010back\u2009&gt;\u20092\u2010back) in the parahippocampal\/cerebellar cluster also presented a greater slowing of response latencies with increasing WM load (2\u2010back\u2009&gt;\u20091\u2010back), indicative of higher effort. In conclusion, VP\/VLBW adults recruited similar anatomical networks as controls during N\u2010back performance, but showed an enhanced suppression of posterior DMN regions during higher workload, which may reflect a temporary suppression of stimulus\u2010independent thoughts that helps to maintain adequate task performance with increasing attentional demands. <jats:italic>Hum Brain Mapp 36:1121\u20131137, 2015.<\/jats:italic> <jats:bold>\u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22691","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,21]],"date-time":"2014-11-21T17:20:01Z","timestamp":1416590401000},"page":"1121-1137","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Working memory in preterm\u2010born adults: Load\u2010dependent compensatory activity of the posterior default mode network"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Marcel","family":"Daamen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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