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The aim of this study was to explore cortical folding morphology in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). A MRI brain study was conducted on 38 patients with AN, 20 fully recovered patients, and 38 healthy women. Local gyrification was measured with procedures implemented in FreeSurfer. Vertex\u2010wise comparisons were carried out to compare: (1) AN patients and healthy women; (2) patients with a full remission at a 3\u2010year longitudinal follow\u2010up assessment and patients who did not recover. AN patients exhibited significantly lower gyrification when compared with healthy controls. Patients with a poor 3\u2010year outcome had significantly lower baseline gyrification when compared to both healthy women and patients with full recovery at follow\u2010up, even after controlling for the effects of duration of illness and gray matter volume. No significant correlation has been found between gyrification, body mass index, amount of weight loss, onset age, and duration of illness. Brain gyrification significantly predicted outcome at follow\u2010up even after controlling for the effects of duration of illness and other clinical prognostic factors. Although the role of starvation in determining our findings cannot be excluded, our study showed that brain gyrification might be a predictor of outcome in AN. Further studies are needed to understand if brain gyrification abnormalities are indices of early neurodevelopmental alterations, the consequence of starvation, or the interaction between both factors. <jats:italic>Hum Brain Mapp 36:5113\u20135122, 2015<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 <jats:bold>2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,16]],"date-time":"2015-09-16T16:16:43Z","timestamp":1442420203000},"page":"5113-5122","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Gyrification brain abnormalities as predictors of outcome in anorexia nervosa"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Angela","family":"Favaro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences University of Padova  Italy"},{"name":"Centro Neuroscienze Cognitive, University of Padova  Italy"},{"name":"Neuroradiology Unit IRCSS San Camillo Venice 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