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Several theoretical models of emotion regulation have been postulated; it remains unclear, however, in which brain regions emotion regulation goals (e.g., the downregulation of fear) are represented. Here, we examined the neural mechanisms of regulating emotion using fMRI and identified brain regions representing reappraisal goals. Using a multimethodological analysis approach, combining standard activation\u2010based and pattern\u2010information analyses, we identified a distributed network of lateral frontal, temporal, and parietal regions implicated in reappraisal and within it, a core system that represents reappraisal goals in an abstract, stimulus\u2010independent fashion. Within this core system, the neural pattern\u2010separability in a subset of regions including the left inferior frontal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, and inferior parietal lobe was related to the success in emotion regulation. Those brain regions might link the prefrontal control regions with the subcortical affective regions. Given the strong association of this subsystem with inner speech functions and semantic memory, we conclude that those cognitive mechanisms may be used for orchestrating emotion regulation. <jats:italic>Hum Brain Mapp 37:600\u2013620, 2016<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 <jats:bold>2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,5]],"date-time":"2015-11-05T05:46:57Z","timestamp":1446702417000},"page":"600-620","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["Neural representation of emotion regulation goals"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Carmen","family":"Morawetz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Education and Psychology Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin  Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Bode","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences the University of Melbourne  Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juergen","family":"Baudewig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology Christian\u2010Albrecht University Kiel  Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur M.","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Education and Psychology Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin  Germany"},{"name":"Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Berlin, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin  Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hauke R.","family":"Heekeren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Education and Psychology Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin  Germany"},{"name":"Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Berlin, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin  Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1026\/0012-1924.55.3.144"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhk034"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"23","article-title":"Validierung der deutschen Version der 20\u2010Item Toronto Alxithymie Skala bei Normalpersonen und psychiatrischen Patienten","volume":"46","author":"Bach M","year":"1996","journal-title":"Psychother Psychosom Medizinische Psychol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2005.07.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2007.06.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1026\/\/0012-1924.49.2.61"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-18-j0001.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2010.04.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8986.2009.00972.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1024\/1661-4747.56.2.141"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2011.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2550-04.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.09.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.08.106"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1026\/\/0084-5345.28.2.145"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","volume-title":"Handbook of Emotion Elicitation and Assessment","author":"Bradley MM","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","article-title":"Region of interest analysis using an SPM toolbox","volume":"16","author":"Brett M","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","first-page":"104","volume-title":"A Sense of the Future","author":"Bronowski J","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","volume-title":"The Origins of Knowledge and Imagination (The Mrs. Hepsa Ely Silliman Memorial Lectures Series)","author":"Bronowski J","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","unstructured":"BrymerGE(2005): Extreme dude! 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