{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:06:44Z","timestamp":1792782404328,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,4]],"date-time":"2016-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1462320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health","award":["K23MH094707"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23MH094707"]}]},{"name":"Iris & Junming Le Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000874","name":"Brain and Behavior Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000874","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"NIH National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences to Mount Sinai","award":["UL1TR000067"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR000067"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04pw6fb54","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"VA National Center for PTSD - Clinical Neurosciences Division"},{"name":"Office of Academic Affairs Advanced Fellowship in Mental Illness Research and Treatment"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Human Brain Mapping"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Major depressive disorder is a disabling neuropsychiatric condition that is associated with disrupted functional connectivity across brain networks. The precise nature of altered connectivity, however, remains incompletely understood. The current study was designed to examine the coherence of large\u2010scale connectivity in depression using a recently developed technique termed global brain connectivity. Methods: A total of 82 subjects, including medication\u2010free patients with major depression (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200957) and healthy volunteers (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200925) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging with resting data acquisition for functional connectivity analysis. Global brain connectivity was computed as the mean of each voxel's time series correlation with every other voxel and compared between study groups. Relationships between global connectivity and depressive symptom severity measured using the Montgomery\u2010\u00c5sberg Depression Rating Scale were examined by means of linear correlation. Results: Relative to the healthy group, patients with depression evidenced reduced global connectivity bilaterally within multiple regions of medial and lateral prefrontal cortex. The largest between\u2010group difference was observed within the right subgenual anterior cingulate cortex, extending into ventromedial prefrontal cortex bilaterally (Hedges'\n                      <jats:italic>g<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22121.48,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.000001). Within the depressed group, patients with the lowest connectivity evidenced the highest symptom severity within ventromedial prefrontal cortex (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.47,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0005). Conclusions: Patients with major depressive evidenced abnormal large\u2010scale functional coherence in the brain that was centered within the subgenual cingulate cortex, and medial prefrontal cortex more broadly. These data extend prior studies of connectivity in depression and demonstrate that functional disconnection of the medial prefrontal cortex is a key pathological feature of the disorder.\n                      <jats:italic>Hum Brain Mapp 37:3214\u20133223, 2016<\/jats:italic>\n                      . \u00a9\n                      <jats:bold>2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc<\/jats:bold>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,4]],"date-time":"2016-05-04T14:00:54Z","timestamp":1462370454000},"page":"3214-3223","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":154,"title":["Reduced global functional connectivity of the medial prefrontal cortex in major depressive disorder"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"James W.","family":"Murrough","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program Department of Psychiatry Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York"},{"name":"Fishberg Department of Neuroscience Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York"},{"name":"Friedman Brain Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chadi G.","family":"Abdallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neuroscience Division VA National Center for PTSD West Haven Connecticut"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Anticevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neuroscience Division VA National Center for PTSD West Haven Connecticut"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine A.","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program Department of Psychiatry Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Geha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neuroscience Division VA National Center for PTSD West Haven Connecticut"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynnette A.","family":"Averill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neuroscience Division VA National Center for PTSD West Haven Connecticut"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaclyn","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program Department of Psychiatry Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaitlin E.","family":"DeWilde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program Department of Psychiatry Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Averill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neuroscience Division VA National Center for PTSD West Haven Connecticut"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Genevieve","family":"Jia\u2010Wei Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edmund","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheuk Y.","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John H.","family":"Krystal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neuroscience Division VA National Center for PTSD West Haven Connecticut"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan V.","family":"Iosifescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program Department of Psychiatry Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York"},{"name":"Fishberg Department of Neuroscience Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York"},{"name":"Friedman Brain Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis S.","family":"Charney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program Department of Psychiatry Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York"},{"name":"Fishberg Department of Neuroscience Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New 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