{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T21:54:24Z","timestamp":1790114064644,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,13]],"date-time":"2016-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008109","name":"University of Notre Dame","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FP7\/2007\u20102013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FP7\/2007\u20102013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008109","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008109","name":"University of Notre Dame","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HEALTH\u2010F2\u20102011\u2010278850 (INMiND)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HEALTH\u2010F2\u20102011\u2010278850 (INMiND)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008109","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Human Brain Mapping"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) often occur in early\u2010age\u2010of\u2010onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) and cluster into sub\u2010syndromes (SSy). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F\u2010FDG\u2010PET regional and connectivity\u2010based brain metabolic dysfunctions and neuropsychiatric SSy. NPSs were assessed in 27 EOAD using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory and further clustered into four SSy (<jats:italic>apathetic, hyperactivity, affective, and psychotic SSy<\/jats:italic>). Eighty\u2010five percent of EOAD showed at least one NPS. Voxel\u2010wise correlations between SSy scores and brain glucose metabolism (assessed with <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F\u2010FDG positron emission tomography) were studied. Interregional correlation analysis was used to explore metabolic connectivity in the salience (aSN) and default mode networks (DMN) in a larger sample of EOAD (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200951) and Healthy Controls (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200957). The <jats:italic>apathetic, hyperactivity<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>affective SSy<\/jats:italic> were highly prevalent (&gt;60%) as compared to the <jats:italic>psychotic SSy<\/jats:italic> (33%). The <jats:italic>hyperactivity SSy<\/jats:italic> scores were associated with increase of glucose metabolism in frontal and limbic structures, implicated in behavioral control. A comparable positive correlation with part of the same network was found for the <jats:italic>affective SSy<\/jats:italic> scores. On the other hand, the <jats:italic>apathetic SSy<\/jats:italic> scores were negatively correlated with metabolism in the bilateral orbitofrontal and dorsolateral frontal cortex known to be involved in motivation and decision\u2010making processes. Consistent with these SSy regional correlations with brain metabolic dysfunction, the connectivity analysis showed increases in the aSN and decreases in the DMN. Behavioral abnormalities in EOAD are associated with specific dysfunctional changes in brain metabolic activity, in particular in the aSN that seems to play a crucial role in NPSs in EOAD. <jats:italic>Hum Brain Mapp 37:4234\u20134247, 2016<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 <jats:bold>2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23305","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,14]],"date-time":"2016-07-14T07:33:18Z","timestamp":1468481598000},"page":"4234-4247","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Neuropsychiatric subsyndromes and brain metabolic network dysfunctions in early onset Alzheimer's disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Tommaso","family":"Ballarini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele Milan Italy"},{"name":"In Vivo Human Molecular and Structural Neuroimaging Unit Division of Neuroscience San Raffaele Scientific Institute Milan 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of California San Francisco San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William J.","family":"Jagust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute University of California Berkeley California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Luisa","family":"Gorno\u2010Tempini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memory and Aging Center Department of Neurology University of California San Francisco San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gil D.","family":"Rabinovici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Memory and Aging Center Department of Neurology University of California San Francisco San Francisco California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Perani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele Milan 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