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To better understand how this variability is related to central processing differences, the current electroencephalography (EEG) study compared hearing abilities and auditory\u2013cortex activation in patients with electrical stimulation at different sites of the auditory pathway. Three different groups of patients with auditory implants (Hannover Medical School; ABI: <jats:italic>n =<\/jats:italic> 6, CI: <jats:italic>n =<\/jats:italic> 6; AMI: <jats:italic>n =<\/jats:italic> 2) performed a speeded response task and a speech recognition test with auditory, visual, and audio\u2013visual stimuli. Behavioral performance and cortical processing of auditory and audio\u2013visual stimuli were compared between groups. ABI and AMI patients showed prolonged response times on auditory and audio\u2013visual stimuli compared with NH listeners and CI patients. This was confirmed by prolonged N1 latencies and reduced N1 amplitudes in ABI and AMI patients. However, patients with central auditory implants showed a remarkable gain in performance when visual and auditory input was combined, in both speech and non\u2010speech conditions, which was reflected by a strong visual modulation of auditory\u2013cortex activation in these individuals. In sum, the results suggest that the behavioral improvement for audio\u2013visual conditions in central auditory implant patients is based on enhanced audio\u2013visual interactions in the auditory cortex. Their findings may provide important implications for the optimization of electrical stimulation and rehabilitation strategies in patients with central auditory prostheses. <jats:italic>Hum Brain Mapp 38:2206\u20132225, 2017<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 <jats:bold>2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,28]],"date-time":"2017-01-28T12:57:19Z","timestamp":1485608239000},"page":"2206-2225","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Auditory and audio\u2013visual processing in patients with cochlear, auditory brainstem, and auditory midbrain implants: An <scp>EEG<\/scp> study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3434-9097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irina","family":"Schierholz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany"},{"name":"Cluster of Excellence 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