{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T03:25:15Z","timestamp":1788492315211,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,10]],"date-time":"2018-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1520640000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#am"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,10]],"date-time":"2017-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1489104000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1539067"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1539067"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1016619"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1016619"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01EB006841 (to V.C.)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EB006841 (to V.C.)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01EB020407 (to V.C.)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EB020407 (to V.C.)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P20RR021938\/P20GM103472 (to V.C.)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20RR021938\/P20GM103472 (to V.C.)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MH43775 (to G.P.)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH43775 (to G.P.)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MH077945 (to G.P.)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH077945 (to G.P.)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MH077851 (to C.T.)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH077851 (to C.T.)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MH078113 (to M.K.)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH078113 (to M.K.)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MH077852 (to G.T.)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH077852 (to G.T.)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MH077862 (to J.S.)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH077862 (to J.S.)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Human Brain Mapping"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have shown altered brain dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) in mental disorders. Here, we aim to explore DFC across a spectrum of symptomatically\u2010related disorders including bipolar disorder with psychosis (BPP), schizoaffective disorder (SAD), and schizophrenia (SZ). We introduce a group information guided independent component analysis procedure to estimate both group\u2010level and subject\u2010specific connectivity states from DFC. Using resting\u2010state fMRI data of 238 healthy controls (HCs), 140 BPP, 132 SAD, and 113 SZ patients, we identified measures differentiating groups from the whole\u2010brain DFC and traditional static functional connectivity (SFC), separately. Results show that DFC provided more informative measures than SFC. Diagnosis\u2010related connectivity states were evident using DFC analysis. For the dominant state consistent across groups, we found 22 instances of hypoconnectivity (with decreasing trends from HC to BPP to SAD to SZ) mainly involving post\u2010central, frontal, and cerebellar cortices as well as 34 examples of hyperconnectivity (with increasing trends HC through SZ) primarily involving thalamus and temporal cortices. Hypoconnectivities\/hyperconnectivities also showed negative\/positive correlations, respectively, with clinical symptom scores. Specifically, hypoconnectivities linking postcentral and frontal gyri were significantly negatively correlated with the PANSS positive\/negative scores. For frontal connectivities, BPP resembled HC while SAD and SZ were more similar. Three connectivities involving the left cerebellar crus differentiated SZ from other groups and one connection linking frontal and fusiform cortices showed a SAD\u2010unique change. In summary, our method is promising for assessing DFC and may yield imaging biomarkers for quantifying the dimension of psychosis. <jats:italic>Hum Brain Mapp 38:2683\u20132708, 2017<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 <jats:bold>2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23553","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,10]],"date-time":"2017-03-10T15:41:15Z","timestamp":1489160475000},"page":"2683-2708","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":121,"title":["Identifying dynamic functional connectivity biomarkers using GIG\u2010ICA: Application to schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and psychotic bipolar disorder"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0079-8177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuhui","family":"Du","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Mind Research Network &amp; LBERI Albuquerque New Mexico"},{"name":"School of Computer &amp; Information Technology Shanxi University Taiyuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Godfrey D.","family":"Pearlson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Psychiatry Yale University New Haven Connecticut"},{"name":"Departments of Neurobiology Yale University New Haven Connecticut"},{"name":"Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living Hartford Connecticut"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongdong","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Mind Research Network &amp; LBERI Albuquerque New Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Sui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Mind Research Network &amp; LBERI Albuquerque New Mexico"},{"name":"Brainnetome Center and National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Mind Research Network &amp; LBERI Albuquerque New Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Salman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Mind Research Network &amp; LBERI Albuquerque New Mexico"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol A.","family":"Tamminga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Texas Southwestern Medical School Dallas Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena I.","family":"Ivleva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Texas Southwestern Medical School Dallas Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John A.","family":"Sweeney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Texas Southwestern Medical School Dallas Texas"},{"name":"University of Cincinnati Cincinnati Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matcheri S.","family":"Keshavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brett A.","family":"Clementz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia Athens Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Bustillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vince D.","family":"Calhoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Mind Research Network &amp; LBERI Albuquerque New Mexico"},{"name":"Departments of Psychiatry Yale University New Haven Connecticut"},{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"AbrolA ChazeC DamarajuE CalhounVD(2016): The chronnectome: Replicability of dynamic connectivity patterns in 7500 resting fMRI datasets. In: 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology. Orlando USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2016.7591989"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhs352"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","first-page":"757","article-title":"A new learning algorithm for blind signal separation","volume":"8","author":"Amari S","year":"1996","journal-title":"Adv Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2009.08.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbt092"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2008.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-199307000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1995.7.6.1129"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.108.055731"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.10.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","first-page":"262","article-title":"The chronnectome: Time\u2010varying connectivity networks as the next frontier in fMRI data discovery","volume":"84","author":"Calhoun VD","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuro"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","first-page":"504","article-title":"Genetic relationships between schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and schizoaffective disorder. Schizophr","volume":"40","author":"Cardno AG","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bull"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.08.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2014.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2015.14091200"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2011.00073"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","first-page":"1326","article-title":"Frequencies contributing to functional connectivity in the cerebral cortex in \u201cresting\u2010state\u201d data","volume":"22","author":"Cordes D","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-127"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.21333"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-013-0634-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","first-page":"8314:163","article-title":"Identification of subject specific and functional consistent ROIs using semi\u2010supervised learning","author":"Du YH","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc SPIE"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","unstructured":"DuYH LiuJY SuiJ HeH PearlsonGD CalhounVD(2014): Exploring difference and overlap between schizophrenia schizoaffective and bipolar disorders using resting\u2010state brain functional networks. In: The 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). Chicago USA. pp 1517\u20131520."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"DuYH HeH WuL YuQB SuiJ CalhounVD(2015a): Dynamic default mode network connectivity diminished in patients with schizophrenia. In: IEEE 12th International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI). New York USA. pp 474\u2013477.","DOI":"10.1109\/ISBI.2015.7163914"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.07.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2015.11.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5545.64591"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0504136102"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.90777.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/kxm045"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.460030303"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.03.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep17275"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00880"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2013.04.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.03.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22058"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2013.13010126"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.90.1.97"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2013.04.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2011.0036"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-013-0511-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867416631827"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.07.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22290"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0333-10.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2011.2167149"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2013.04.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.453"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1313093111"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbv064"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_55_1","first-page":"488","article-title":"Examining functional resting state connectivity in psychosis and its sub\u2010groups in the B\u2010SNIP cohort","volume":"1","author":"Meda SA","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149849"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.09.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-032814-112915"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2016.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-011-0272-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2014.00897"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.08.063"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-011-0260-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2013.12101339"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-925X-11-50"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2014.00167"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2001.0978"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_68_1","first-page":"2579","article-title":"Visualizing data using t\u2010SNE","volume":"9","author":"Maaten L","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00783.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0809141106"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068910"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.11.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_73_1","first-page":"13","article-title":"DPARSF: A MATLAB toolbox for \u201cPipeline\u201d data analysis of resting\u2010state fMRI","volume":"4","author":"Yan CG","year":"2010","journal-title":"Front Syst Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.12.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.03.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1400181111"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2007.05.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.09.037"}],"container-title":["Human Brain Mapping"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fhbm.23553","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hbm.23553","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/hbm.23553","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/am-pdf\/10.1002\/hbm.23553","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hbm.23553","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T17:56:37Z","timestamp":1696528597000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hbm.23553"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,10]]},"references-count":77,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hbm.23553"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hbm.23553","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1065-9471","1097-0193"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1065-9471","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0193","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,10]]}}}