{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T12:21:44Z","timestamp":1790511704921,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,9]],"date-time":"2017-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1502236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science, Republic of Serbia","award":["175031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["175031"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Human Brain Mapping"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this longitudinal study, we investigated the regional patterns of focal lesions accumulation, and gray (GM) and white matter (WM) atrophy progression over a five\u2010year follow\u2010up (FU) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and their association with clinical and cognitive deterioration. Neurological, neuropsychological and brain MRI (dual\u2010echo and 3D T1\u2010weighted sequences) assessments were prospectively performed at baseline (T0) and after a median FU of 4.9 years from 66 MS patients (including relapse\u2010onset and primary progressive MS) and 16 matched controls. Lesion probability maps were obtained. Longitudinal changes of GM and WM volumes and their association with clinical and cognitive deterioration were assessed using tensor\u2010based morphometry and SPM12. At FU, 36\/66 (54.5%) MS patients showed a significant disability worsening, 14\/66 (21.2%) evolved to a worse clinical phenotype, and 18\/63 (28.6%) developed cognitive deterioration. At T0, compared to controls, MS patients showed a widespread pattern of GM atrophy, involving cortex, deep GM and cerebellum, and atrophy of the majority of WM tracts, which further progressed at FU (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, uncorrected). Compared to stable patients, those with clinical and cognitive worsening showed a left\u2010lateralized pattern of GM and WM atrophy, involving deep GM, fronto\u2010temporo\u2010parieto\u2010occipital regions, cerebellum, and several WM tracts (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001, uncorrected).GM and WM atrophy of relevant brain regions occur in MS after 5 years. A different vulnerability of the two brain hemispheres to irreversible structural damage may be among the factors contributing to clinical and cognitive worsening in these patients. <jats:italic>Hum Brain Mapp 38:5648\u20135665, 2017<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 <jats:bold>2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23755","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,9]],"date-time":"2017-08-09T11:28:36Z","timestamp":1502278116000},"page":"5648-5665","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Progression of regional atrophy in the left hemisphere contributes to clinical and cognitive deterioration in multiple sclerosis: A 5\u2010year study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Paolo","family":"Preziosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimaging Research Unit Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele University Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele University Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Pagani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimaging Research Unit Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele University Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarlota","family":"Mesaros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Clinic Clinical Centre of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianna C.","family":"Riccitelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimaging Research Unit Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele University Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jelena","family":"Dackovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Clinic Clinical Centre of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jelena","family":"Drulovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Clinic Clinical Centre of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5485-0479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Filippi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimaging Research Unit Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita\u2010Salute San Raffaele University Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of 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