{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T00:57:33Z","timestamp":1769475453729,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,25]],"date-time":"2017-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"IZKF Jena"},{"name":"Young Scientist Grant of Friedrich-Schiller-University","award":["DRM 210070\/87"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DRM 210070\/87"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health","award":["RF-2011-02352308"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF-2011-02352308"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health","award":["GR-2010-2319022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GR-2010-2319022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Human Brain Mapping"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Irritability and nonviolent aggression are common behavioral features across the population, yet there is limited neurobiological research into subclinical phenotypes representing the lower edge of a symptom continuum ranging from slight irritability to criminal violence. We studied brain structural correlates of irritability in a large healthy cohort to test the hypothesis of associations with fronto\u2010limbic brain structures implicated in mood regulation. In a large multicenter effort, we recruited 409 mentally healthy adults from the community, who received T1\u2010weighted high\u2010resolution 3\u00a0T MRI scans. These structural scans were automatically preprocessed for voxel\u2010 and surface\u2010based morphometry measurements with the CAT 12 toolbox implemented in SPM 12. Subclinical aggressive symptoms were assessed using the SCL\u201090\u2010R aggression\/hostility subscale and then correlated with cortical volume (VBM), and cortical thickness and gyrification. VBM analysis showed significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05, FDR\u2010corrected at peak\u2010level) positive correlations of cortical volume with SCL\u201090\u2010R aggression subscale values in large clusters spanning bilateral anterior cingulate and orbitofrontal cortices and left lingual and postcentral gyri. Surface\u2010based morphometry yielded mostly uncorrected positive correlations with cortical thickness in bilateral precentral gyri and with gyrification in left insula and superior temporal gyrus. Our findings imply an association of subclinical aggressive symptoms with cortical volume in areas important for emotion awareness and regulation, which might also be related to cortical adaptation to mental stress. These results overlap with several findings on impulsive aggression in patients suffering from affective and disruptive behavior disorders. They also suggest a biological symptom continuum manifesting in these brain areas. <jats:italic>Hum Brain Mapp 38:6230\u20136238, 2017<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 <jats:bold>2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23824","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,25]],"date-time":"2017-09-25T12:36:40Z","timestamp":1506343000000},"page":"6230-6238","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Brain structural correlates of irritability: Findings in a large healthy cohort"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7989-9298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bianca","family":"Besteher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Jena University Hospital Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6209-4629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Letizia","family":"Squarcina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS \u201cE. Medea\u201d Scientific Institute Bosisio Parini Lecco Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Spalthoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Jena University Hospital Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcella","family":"Bellani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry AOUI Verona Verona Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Gaser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Jena University Hospital Jena Germany"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Jena University Hospital Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Brambilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences University of Texas at Houston Houston Texas"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Nenadi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Jena University Hospital Jena Germany"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Philipps\u2010University Marburg\/Marburg University Hospital \u2010 UKGM Marburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.1939"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2005.05.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"120","article-title":"The assessment of cognitive abilities in psychiatric patients: are widely used psychological tests still 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