{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T11:57:34Z","timestamp":1780055854824,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,28]],"date-time":"2017-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007155","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MGAB1A1R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MGAB1A1R"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Human Brain Mapping"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a brain body interface which serves to maintain homeostasis by influencing a plethora of physiological processes, including metabolism, cardiorespiratory regulation and nociception. Accumulating evidence suggests that ANS function is disturbed in numerous prevalent clinical disorders, including irritable bowel syndrome and fibromyalgia. While the brain is a central hub for regulating autonomic function, the association between resting autonomic activity and subcortical morphology has not been comprehensively studied and thus was our aim. In 27 healthy subjects [14 male and 13 female; mean age 30 years (range 22\u201353 years)], we quantified resting ANS function using validated indices of cardiac sympathetic index (CSI) and parasympathetic cardiac vagal tone (CVT). High resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired, and differences in subcortical nuclei shape, that is, \u2018deformation\u2019, contingent on resting ANS activity were investigated. CSI positively correlated with outward deformation of the brainstem, right nucleus accumbens, right amygdala and bilateral pallidum (all thresholded to corrected <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). In contrast, parasympathetic CVT negatively correlated with inward deformation of the right amygdala and pallidum (all thresholded to corrected <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Left and right putamen volume positively correlated with CVT <jats:italic>(r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.62, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0047 and <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.59, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.008, respectively), as did the brainstem (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.46, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.049). These data provide novel evidence that resting autonomic state is associated with differences in the shape and volume of subcortical nuclei. Thus, subcortical morphological brain differences in various disorders may partly be attributable to perturbation in autonomic function. Further work is warranted to investigate these findings in clinical populations. <jats:italic>Hum Brain Mapp 39:381\u2013392, 2018<\/jats:italic>. \u00a9 <jats:bold>2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23850","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,28]],"date-time":"2017-10-28T05:22:39Z","timestamp":1509168159000},"page":"381-392","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Morphology of subcortical brain nuclei is associated with autonomic function in healthy humans"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6248-7203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James K.","family":"Ruffle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neuroscience and Trauma Blizard Institute, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Barts and the London School of Medicine &amp; Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 26 Ashfield Street London E1 2AJ United Kingdom"},{"name":"Medical Acute Assessment Unit, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, Whitechapel Road, Whitechapel London E1 1BB United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven J.","family":"Coen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology University College London, Gower Street London WC1E 6BT United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Giampietro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroimaging King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience London SE5 8AF United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven C.R.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroimaging King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience London SE5 8AF United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. Vania","family":"Apkarian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago Illinois 60611"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam D.","family":"Farmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neuroscience and Trauma Blizard Institute, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Barts and the London School of Medicine &amp; Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 26 Ashfield Street London E1 2AJ United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology University Hospitals Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke on Trent Staffordshire ST4 6QG United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qasim","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neuroscience and Trauma Blizard Institute, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Barts and the London School of Medicine &amp; Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 26 Ashfield Street London E1 2AJ United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.12321"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880141204"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025020029037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12076"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP271539"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2013-306698"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"CC01","article-title":"Effect of different phases of menstrual cycle on heart rate variability (HRV)","volume":"9","author":"Brar TK","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"BrockC JessenN BrockB JakobsenPE HansenTK RantanenJM RiahiS DimitrovaYK Dons\u2010JensenA AzizQ DrewesAM FarmerAD(2017): Cardiac vagal tone a non\u2010invasive measure of parasympathetic tone is a clinically relevant tool in Type 1 diabetes mellitus. 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