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Recent findings on gray matter effects point towards the importance of identifying CA outcome as a function of different CA types, varying in the dimensions of threat and deprivation. Using diffusion tensor imaging, we investigate whether different forms of CA impact differently on white matter connectivity in a healthy cohort not confounded by other aspects of disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 120 healthy young males, we assessed different forms of maltreatment during childhood with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) images were generated and projected onto a white matter skeleton using tract\u2010based spatial statistics. Correlational analysis between FA, MD, and CTQ subscores was then performed using voxelwise statistics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of all CTQ\u2010subscores, only physical neglect (PN) predicted a decrease of FA but not MD in the bilateral anterior thalamic radiation around the middle frontal gyrus and the right inferior fronto\u2010occipital fasciculus, the inferior longitudinal fasciculus, the cingulum and precuneus. Reduced FA in the posterior cingulum was related to the effects of PN during childhood on anxiety levels at trend level.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>PN may have severe consequences and should be considered equally important to more active forms of abuse. FA changes, particularly in the cingulum, actually appear to a functional consequence and are linked to trait anxiety, a personality dimension that is suggested to be a transdiagnostic risk factor of affective disorders. Potentially this reveals a mechanistic chain that forms one pathyway from CA to disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23916","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,18]],"date-time":"2017-12-18T04:30:50Z","timestamp":1513571450000},"page":"1283-1290","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Physical neglect during childhood alters white matter connectivity in healthy young males"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3171-3671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Indira","family":"Tendolkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"M\u00e5rtensson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Lund University Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"K\u00fchn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max\u2010Planck Institute for Human Development Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Medical Center Hamburg\u2010Eppendorf (UKE) Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Floris","family":"Klumpers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Experimental Psychopathology and Treatment Section Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guill\u00e9n","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","unstructured":"Anderson J. 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