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However, no studies have been conducted to investigate how the striatal circuitry changes during standard antidepressant, which is important for development of novel and targeted treatments for MDD. We examined the seed\u2010to\u2010whole\u2010brain functional connectivity (FC) for six striatal subregions based on resting\u2010state fMRI data of 23 MDD patients before and after 8\u2010week duloxetine, a serotonin, and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor. Twenty\u2010three healthy controls (HCs) were also scanned twice with an 8\u2010week interval. After the analysis of covariance, we observed significant group\u2010by\u2010time interaction on FC of the dorsal caudate (DC), ventral striatum (VS), and putamen seeds. Post hoc analyses revealed that the FC between several right striatal seeds and left superior frontal gyrus (SFG), between right DC and left precuneus, between right superior VS and left inferior parietal lobe, were significantly higher in MDD patients compared to HCs at baseline and were reduced after treatment. Conversely, the FC between right inferior VS and left cerebellum was lower in MDD patients and was increased after treatment. Patients with larger reduction in right superior VS\u2014left SFG FC exhibited larger alleviation of rumination. These findings suggest that duloxetine modulates the striatal FC with dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, posterior default mode network, and cerebellum, and partly, these changes underlie symptomatic improvement. This study adds to our understanding of antidepressant mechanism and future therapeutic development might benefit from considering these striatal circuitry as potential targets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.24601","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,8]],"date-time":"2019-05-08T13:43:41Z","timestamp":1557323021000},"page":"3338-3346","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Duloxetine effects on striatal resting\u2010state functional connectivity in patients with major depressive disorder"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders &amp; Key Laboratory of Mental Health Peking University the Sixth Hospital (Institute of Mental Health), Ministry of Health (Peking University)  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders &amp; Key Laboratory of Mental Health Peking University the Sixth Hospital (Institute of Mental Health), Ministry of Health (Peking University)  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of psychiatry Zhengzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Zhengzhou Mental Health Center  Zhengzhou Henan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong\u2010Mei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of psychiatry Shanxi Mental Health Center  Shanxi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of psychiatry The Sixth People's Hospital of Hebei Province  Hebei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders &amp; Key Laboratory of Mental Health Peking University the Sixth Hospital (Institute of Mental Health), Ministry of Health (Peking University)  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology 306 Hospital of People's Liberation Army  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip B.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychiatry University of New South Wales; 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