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In parallel, cross\u2010sectional observations indicate a correlation of head motion with age, psychiatric disease status and obesity, raising the possibility of a systematic artifact\u2010induced bias in neuroimaging outcomes in these conditions, due to the differences in head motion. Yet, a causal link between obesity and head motion has not been tested in an experimental design. Here, we show that a change in body mass index (BMI) (i.e., weight loss after bariatric surgery) systematically decreases head motion during MRI. In this setting, reduced imaging artifacts due to lower head motion might result in biased estimates of neural differences induced by changes in BMI. Overall, our finding urges the need to rigorously control for head motion during MRI to enable valid results of neuroimaging outcomes in populations that differ in head motion due to obesity or other conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.24959","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,2]],"date-time":"2020-04-02T07:46:50Z","timestamp":1585813610000},"page":"2490-2494","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Weight loss reduces head motion: Revisiting a major confound in neuroimaging"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5401-852X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frauke","family":"Beyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences  Leipzig Germany"},{"name":"Subproject A1, CRC 1052 \u201cObesity Mechanisms\u201d University of Leipzig  Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin","family":"Prehn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology &amp; NeuroCure Clinical Research Center Charit\u00e9 University Medicine  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Department of Psychology Medical School Hamburg  Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina A.","family":"W\u00fcsten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Greifswald  Greifswald Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Standort Rostock\/Greifswald  Greifswald Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arno","family":"Villringer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences  Leipzig Germany"},{"name":"Subproject A1, CRC 1052 \u201cObesity Mechanisms\u201d University of Leipzig  Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Ordemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Charit\u00e9 University Medicine  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Zentrum f\u00fcr Adipositas und Metabolische Chirurgie, Vivantes Klinikum Spandau  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnes","family":"Fl\u00f6el","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology &amp; NeuroCure Clinical Research Center Charit\u00e9 University Medicine  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Department of Neurology University of Greifswald  Greifswald Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Standort Rostock\/Greifswald  Greifswald Germany"},{"name":"Center for Stroke Research Charit\u00e9 University Medicine  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. Veronica","family":"Witte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences  Leipzig Germany"},{"name":"Subproject A1, CRC 1052 \u201cObesity Mechanisms\u201d University of Leipzig  Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23180"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.02.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23605"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.03.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0146271"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-36699-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","article-title":"Shared genetic factors influence head motion during MRI and body mass index","volume":"27","author":"Hodgson K.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0104989"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.24683"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2011.02096.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.5176"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/jpn.180022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morey R. 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