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Hippocampal volume may be an important neuroimaging biomarker in poststroke dementia, as it has been associated with many other forms of dementia. However, studying hippocampal volume using MRI requires hippocampal segmentation. Advances in automated segmentation methods have allowed for studying the hippocampus on a large scale, which is important for robust results in the heterogeneous stroke population. However, most of these automated methods use a single atlas\u2010based approach and may fail in the presence of severe structural abnormalities common in stroke. Hippodeep, a new convolutional neural network\u2010based hippocampal segmentation method, does not rely solely on a single atlas\u2010based approach and thus may be better suited for stroke populations. Here, we compared quality control and the accuracy of segmentations generated by Hippodeep and two well\u2010accepted hippocampal segmentation methods on stroke MRIs (FreeSurfer 6.0 whole hippocampus and FreeSurfer 6.0 sum of hippocampal subfields). Quality control was performed using a stringent protocol for visual inspection of the segmentations, and accuracy was measured as volumetric correlation with manual segmentations. Hippodeep performed significantly better than both FreeSurfer methods in terms of quality control. All three automated segmentation methods had good correlation with manual segmentations and no one method was significantly more correlated than the others. Overall, this study suggests that both Hippodeep and FreeSurfer may be useful for hippocampal segmentation in stroke rehabilitation research, but Hippodeep may be more robust to stroke lesion anatomy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.25210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,17]],"date-time":"2020-10-17T02:09:06Z","timestamp":1602900546000},"page":"234-243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Testing a convolutional neural network\u2010based hippocampal segmentation method in a stroke population"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1953-8663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artemis","family":"Zavaliangos\u2010Petropulu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neural Plasticity and Neurorehabilitation Laboratory University of Southern California Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Imaging Genetics Center, Mark &amp; Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging &amp; Informatics Keck School of Medicine of USC Marina del Rey California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meral A.","family":"Tubi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imaging Genetics Center, Mark &amp; Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging &amp; Informatics Keck School of Medicine of USC Marina del Rey California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Haddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imaging Genetics Center, Mark &amp; Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging &amp; Informatics Keck School of Medicine of USC Marina del Rey California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alyssa","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imaging Genetics Center, Mark &amp; Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging &amp; Informatics Keck School of Medicine of USC Marina del Rey California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meredith N.","family":"Braskie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imaging Genetics Center, Mark &amp; Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging &amp; Informatics Keck School of Medicine of USC Marina del Rey California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neda","family":"Jahanshad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imaging Genetics Center, Mark &amp; Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging &amp; Informatics Keck School of Medicine of USC Marina del Rey California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul M.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imaging Genetics Center, Mark &amp; Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging &amp; Informatics Keck School of Medicine of USC Marina del Rey California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5935-4215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sook\u2010Lei","family":"Liew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neural Plasticity and Neurorehabilitation Laboratory University of Southern California Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Imaging Genetics Center, Mark &amp; 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