{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T04:18:26Z","timestamp":1790828306320,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]],"date-time":"2021-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004737","name":"National Health Research Institutes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NHRI\u2010BN\u2010109\u2010PP\u201006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NHRI\u2010BN\u2010109\u2010PP\u201006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004737","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004737","name":"National Health Research Institutes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NHRI\u2010BN\u2010109\u2010SP\u201011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NHRI\u2010BN\u2010109\u2010SP\u201011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004737","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004737","name":"National Health Research Institutes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NHRI\u2010EX109\u201010903NI"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NHRI\u2010EX109\u201010903NI"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004737","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Human Brain Mapping"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Differentiating between subcortical ischemic vascular disease (SIVD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and normal cognition (NC) remains a challenge, and reliable neuroimaging biomarkers are needed. The current study, therefore, investigated the discriminative ability of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) metrics in segregated thalamic regions and compare with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics. Twenty\u2010three SIVD patients, 30\u2009AD patients, and 24 NC participants underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging. The DKI metrics including mean kurtosis (MK), axial kurtosis (<jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>axial<\/jats:sub>) and radial kurtosis (<jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>radial<\/jats:sub>) and the DTI metrics including diffusivity and fractional anisotropy (FA) were measured within the whole thalamus and segregated thalamic subregions. Strategic correlations by group, thalamo\u2010frontal connectivity, and canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) were used to demonstrate the discriminative ability of DKI for SIVD, AD, and NC. Whole and segregated thalamus analysis suggested that DKI metrics are less affected by white matter hyperintensities compared to DTI metrics. Segregated thalamic analysis showed that MK and <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>radial<\/jats:sub> were notably different between SIVD and AD\/NC. The correlation analysis between <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>axial<\/jats:sub> and MK showed a nonsignificant relationship in SIVD group, a trend of negative relationship in AD group, and a significant positive relationship in NC group. A wider spatial distribution of thalamo\u2010frontal connectivity differences across groups was shown by MK compared to FA. CDA showed a discriminant power of 97.4% correct classification using all DKI metrics. Our findings support that DKI metrics could be more sensitive than DTI metrics to reflect microstructural changes within the gray matter, hence providing complementary information for currently outlined pathogenesis of SIVD and AD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.25342","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]],"date-time":"2021-01-13T11:55:23Z","timestamp":1610538923000},"page":"2018-2031","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Discriminating subcortical ischemic vascular disease and Alzheimer's disease by diffusion kurtosis imaging in segregated thalamic regions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8883-1313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min\u2010Chien","family":"Tu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation  Taichung Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Neurology School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University  Hualien Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2930-8562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheng\u2010Min","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes  Miaoli Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yen\u2010Hsuan","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology National Chung Cheng University  Chiayi Taiwan"},{"name":"Center for Innovative Research on Aging Society (CIRAS) National Chung Cheng University  Chiayi Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jir\u2010Jei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation  Taichung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chien\u2010Yuan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GE Healthcare  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0306-7329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li\u2010Wei","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes  Miaoli Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University College of Medicine  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-016-1336-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1075"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cbmr.1996.0014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7091-6781-6_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.21604"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2013.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.149.2.351"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3271"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23535"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1975.00490510088009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.112.657742"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhh105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00863"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","first-page":"180","article-title":"Cognitive abilities screening instrument, Chinese version 2.0 (CASI C\u20102.0): Administration and clinical application","volume":"21","author":"Lin K.\u2010N.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Neurologica Taiwanica"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnana.2018.00114"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0073021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.11.2412-a"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sdata.2018.270"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2011-0007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2020.108598"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000477344"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl385"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000078942.63360.22"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","first-page":"676","article-title":"Factor structure and explanatory variables of the mini\u2010mental state examination (MMSE) for elderly persons in Taiwan","volume":"100","author":"Shyu Y.\u2010I. L.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of the Formosan Medical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.262594"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.13.11365"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-150253"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22655"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-018-0014-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0175143"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116228"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0284185118758122"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21965"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00092"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.23840"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0080713"}],"container-title":["Human Brain Mapping"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hbm.25342","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/hbm.25342","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hbm.25342","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T05:49:06Z","timestamp":1693288146000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hbm.25342"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hbm.25342"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hbm.25342","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1065-9471","1097-0193"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1065-9471","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0193","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-08-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-29","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-01-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}