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Due to the complex thalamic connection with cortical and subcortical regions, thalamus was divided into prefrontal (PFC), occipital (OC), premotor, primary motor, sensory, temporal, and posterior parietal association subregions according to white matter tractography. We adopted seven subregions of bilateral thalamus as regions of interest to systematically study the implications of distinct thalamic nuclei in acute abstinent HU. The volume and resting\u2010state functional connectivity (RSFC) differences of the thalamus were investigated between age\u2010, gender\u2010, and alcohol\u2010matched 37 HU and 33 healthy controls (HCs). Trail making test\u2010A (TMT\u2010A) was adopted to assess cognitive function deficits, which were then correlated with neuroimaging findings. Although no significant different volumes were found, HU group showed decreased RSFC between left PFC_thalamus and middle temporal gyrus as well as between left OC_thalamus and inferior frontal gyrus and supplementary motor area relative to HCs. Meanwhile, the higher TMT\u2010A scores in HU were negatively correlated with PFC_thalamic RSFC with inferior temporal gyrus, fusiform, and precuneus. Craving scores were negatively correlated with OC_thalamic RSFC with accumbens, hippocampus, and insula. Opiate Withdrawal Scale scores were negatively correlated with left PFC\/OC_thalamic RSFC with orbitofrontal cortex and medial PFC. We indicated two thalamus subregions separately involvement in cognitive control and craving to reveal the implications of thalamic subnucleus in pathology of acute abstinent HU.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.25346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,18]],"date-time":"2021-01-18T14:49:06Z","timestamp":1610981346000},"page":"2077-2088","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Reduced thalamic resting\u2010state functional connectivity and impaired cognition in acute abstinent heroin users"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Min","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Science and Technology Xidian University Xi'an Shaanxi People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education Xi'an People's Republic of 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