{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T15:27:23Z","timestamp":1789140443539,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,25]],"date-time":"2021-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000041","name":"American Diabetes Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1\u201014\u2010ACE\u201036"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1\u201014\u2010ACE\u201036"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000041","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000070","name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P41EB015922"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P41EB015922"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000070","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000070","name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54EB020406"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54EB020406"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000070","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DK116858"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK116858"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F31MH115640"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F31MH115640"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01DK115638"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01DK115638"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01MH094343"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH094343"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009410","name":"Southern California Clinical and Translational Science Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1TR001855"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR001855"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009410","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005977","name":"Kaiser Permanente","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005977","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Human Brain Mapping"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prior epidemiological studies have found that in utero exposure to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with increased risk for neurodevelopmental disorders. However, brain alterations associated with GDM are not known. The hippocampus is pivotal for cognition and emotional regulation. Therefore, we assessed relationships between in utero exposure to GDM and hippocampal morphology and subfield structure during childhood. One hundred seventeen children aged 7\u201311\u2009years (57% girls, 57% exposed to GDM), born at Kaiser Permanente Southern California, participated in the BrainChild Study. Maternal GDM status was determined from electronic medical records. Children underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging. Freesurfer 6.0 was used to measure hippocampal and individual hippocampal subfield gray matter volume (mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>). Morphological analyses on the hippocampal surface were carried out using shape analysis. GDM\u2010exposed children exhibited reduced radial thickness in a small, spatially\u2010restricted portion of the left inferior body of the hippocampus that corresponds to the CA1 subfield. There was a significant interaction between GDM\u2010exposure and sex on the right hippocampal CA1 subfield. GDM\u2010exposed boys had reduced right CA1 volume compared to unexposed boys, but this association was no longer significant after controlling for age. No significant group differences were observed in girls. Our results suggest that GDM\u2010exposure impacts <jats:italic>shape<\/jats:italic> of the left hippocampal CA1 subfield in both boys and girls and may reduce <jats:italic>volume<\/jats:italic> of right hippocampal CA1 only in boys. These in\u2010depth findings illuminate the unique properties of the hippocampus impacted by prenatal GDM\u2010exposure and could have important implications for hippocampal\u2010related functions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.25390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,25]],"date-time":"2021-03-25T10:45:45Z","timestamp":1616669145000},"page":"2583-2592","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Selective morphological and volumetric alterations in the hippocampus of children exposed in utero to gestational diabetes mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3976-5783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kirsten M.","family":"Lynch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine of USC University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0837-9858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jasmin M.","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Chow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California  Pasadena California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristi A.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur W.","family":"Toga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mark and Mary Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine of USC University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anny H.","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California  Pasadena California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9083-6615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathleen A.","family":"Page","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1522"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"S11","article-title":"Standards of medical care in diabetes\u20142012","volume":"35","author":"American Diabetes Association","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/aos\/1018031263"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","unstructured":"CDC. (2018 October 24).About Child & Teen BMI|Healthy Weight. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/healthyweight\/assessing\/bmi\/childrens_bmi\/about_childrens_bmi.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2018.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2000.109149"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevalence estimates of gestational diabetes mellitus in the United States, pregnancy risk assessment monitoring system (PRAMS), 2007\u20102010","volume":"11","author":"DeSisto C. L.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Preventing Chronic Disease"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-33603-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000034509.14906.AE"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/an.110.000190"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0193(1997)5:2<133::AID-HBM7>3.0.CO;2-4"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Gestational diabetes induced neuronal loss in CA1 and CA3 subfields of rat hippocampus in early postnatal life","volume":"71","author":"Golalipour M. J.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Folia Morphologica"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22154"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-014-0255-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.01.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.04.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.22549"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DBP.0000000000000203"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/BPL-170055"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22576"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000148"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2016.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.23280"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhy244"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2003.210"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpediatrics.2011.784"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-0082(96)00007-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-2581"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.02.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2010.2057441"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2014.2313812"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-02498-6_39"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1896849"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3785"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2017.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2006.097279"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-017-0859-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.03.072"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-0733"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.2707"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2018.04.019"}],"container-title":["Human Brain Mapping"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hbm.25390","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/hbm.25390","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/hbm.25390","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T09:05:57Z","timestamp":1693559157000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/hbm.25390"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,25]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/hbm.25390"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hbm.25390","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1065-9471","1097-0193"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1065-9471","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0193","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-09-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-03-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}