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To date, no effective pharmacotherapy exists for METH abuse and its withdrawal symptoms. Therefore, understanding the neuromechanism underlying METH abuse and its withdrawal symptoms is essential for developing clinical strategies and improving patient care. The aims of this study were to investigate brain network abnormalities in METH abusers (MAs) and their associations with affective symptoms. Forty\u2010eight male abstinent MAs and 48 age\u2010gender matched healthy controls were recruited and underwent resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The severity of patient anxiety and depressive symptoms were measured by Hamilton anxiety and depression rating scales, which decreased across the duration of abstinence. Independent component analysis was used to investigate the brain network functional connectivity (FC) properties. Compared with healthy controls, MAs demonstrated hypo\u2010intra\u2010network FC in the cerebellar network and hyper\u2010intra\u2010network FC in the posterior salience network. A whole\u2010brain regression analysis revealed that FC strength of clusters located in the right rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) within the ventromedial network (VMN) was associated with affective symptoms in the patients. Importantly, the intra\u2010network FC strength of the rACC in VMN mediated the association between abstinence duration and the severity level of affective symptoms. Our results demonstrate alterations in brain functional networks underlying METH abuse, and that the FC of rACC within VMN serve as a neural substrate in the association between abstinence length and affective symptom severity in the MAs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.25439","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,3]],"date-time":"2021-05-03T15:50:56Z","timestamp":1620057056000},"page":"3366-3378","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Functional connectivity abnormalities underlying mood disturbances in male abstinent methamphetamine abusers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2429-3285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ping","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology West China Hospital of Sichuan University  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Research Unit of 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