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Exploring pathoglytic changes in two important thalamocortical pathways, that is, the basal ganglia (BG)\u2010thalamocortical and the cerebellum\u2010thalamocortical pathways, in people with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE), could deepen our understanding on the pathological mechanism of this disease. These two pathways were reconstructed and investigated in this study by combining diffusion and functional MRI. Both pathways showed connectivity changes with the perception and cognition systems in patients. Consistent functional connectivity (FC) changes were observed mainly in perception regions, revealing the aberrant integration of sensorimotor and visual information in IGE. The pathway\u2010specific FC alterations in high\u2010order regions give neuroimaging evidence of the neural mechanisms of cognitive impairment and epileptic activities in IGE. Abnormal functional and structural integration of cerebellum, basal ganglia and thalamus could result in an imbalance of inhibition and excitability in brain systems of IGE. This study located the regulated cortical regions of BG and cerebellum which been affected in IGE, established possible links between the neuroimaging findings and epileptic symptoms, and enriched the understanding of the regulatory effects of BG and cerebellum on epilepsy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.25444","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]],"date-time":"2021-04-08T11:37:36Z","timestamp":1617881856000},"page":"3440-3449","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Distinct effects of the basal ganglia and cerebellum on the thalamocortical pathway in idiopathic generalized epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9908-3517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinnan","family":"Gong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, School of 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