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Understanding the dynamics of brain activity modifications during these transitional phases could help to better understand the changes in cognitive functions according to vigilance states. In this study, we investigated the activity of memory\u2010related areas (hippocampus and orbitofrontal cortex) during short (3\u00a0s to 2\u00a0min) arousing reactions detected from thalamic activity, using intracranial recordings in four drug\u2010resistant epilepsy patients. The average power of the signal between 0.5 and 128\u2009Hz was compared across four time windows: 10\u00a0s of preceding sleep, the first part and the end of the arousal\/awakening, and 10\u00a0s of wakefulness. We observed that (a) in most frequency bands, the spectral power during hippocampal arousal\/awakenings is intermediate between wakefulness and sleep whereas frontal cortex shows an early increase in low and fast activities during non\u2010rapid\u2010eye\u2010movement (NREM) sleep arousals\/awakenings; (b) this pattern depends on the preceding sleep stage with fewer modifications for REM than for non\u2010REM sleep arousal\/awakenings, potentially reflecting the EEG similarities between REM sleep and wakefulness; (c) a greater activation at the arousing reaction onset in the prefrontal cortex predicts longer arousals\/awakenings. Our findings suggest that hippocampus and prefrontal arousals\/awakenings are progressive phenomena modulated by sleep stage, and, in the neocortex, by the intensity of the early activation. This pattern of activity could underlie the link between sleep stage, arousal\/awakening duration and restoration of memory abilities including dream recall.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.25609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,6]],"date-time":"2021-08-06T08:32:53Z","timestamp":1628238773000},"page":"5188-5203","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Dynamics of hippocampus and orbitofrontal cortex activity during arousing reactions from sleep: An intracranial electroencephalographic study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Perrine","family":"Ruby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U1028 \u2010 PAM Team Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CNRS UMR 5292  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mickael","family":"Eskinazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U1028 \u2010 PAM Team Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CNRS UMR 5292  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romain","family":"Bouet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U1028 \u2010 DYCOG Team Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CNRS UMR 5292  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvain","family":"Rheims","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lyon 1 University  Lyon France"},{"name":"Department of Functional Neurology and Epileptology, Hospices Civils de Lyon University of Lyon  Lyon France"},{"name":"INSERM U1028 \u2010 TIGER Team Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CNRS UMR 5292  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9938-9639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laure","family":"Peter\u2010Derex","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U1028 \u2010 PAM Team Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CNRS UMR 5292  Lyon France"},{"name":"Lyon 1 University  Lyon France"},{"name":"Center for Sleep Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Lyon University Hospital  Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.83.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2008.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00071-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/15.2.173"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awn103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(99)00017-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf228"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","first-page":"315","article-title":"Methodology of stereo EEG exploration and surgical intervention in epilepsy","volume":"45","author":"Bancaud J.","year":"1973","journal-title":"Revue d'oto\u2010Neuro\u2010Ophtalmologie"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1087-0792(99)90012-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001276"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","volume-title":"The AASM manual for the scoring of sleep and associated events: Rules, terminology and technical specifications, version 2.4","author":"Berry R. 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