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Cannabis use among PWH may have a beneficial effect, as neuroinflammation is known to be a critical problem in PWH and cannabis use has been associated with a reduction in proinflammatory markers. Thus, it is important to understand the net impact of cannabis use on brain and cognitive function in PWH. In this study, we collected magnetoencephalographic (MEG) brain imaging data on 81 participants split across four demographically matched groups (i.e., PWH using cannabis, controls using cannabis, non\u2010using PWH, and non\u2010using controls). Participants completed a visuospatial processing task during MEG. Time\u2013frequency resolved voxel time series were extracted to identify the dynamics of oscillatory and pre\u2010stimulus baseline neural activity. Our results indicated strong theta (4\u20138\u00a0Hz), alpha (10\u201316\u2009Hz), and gamma (62\u201372\u2009Hz) visual oscillations in parietal\u2013occipital brain regions across all participants. PWH exhibited significant behavioral deficits in visuospatial processing, as well as reduced theta oscillations and elevated pre\u2010stimulus gamma activity in visual cortices, all of which replicate prior work. Strikingly, chronic cannabis use was associated with a significant reduction in pre\u2010stimulus gamma activity in the visual cortices, such that PWH no longer statistically differed from controls. These results provide initial evidence that cannabis use may normalize some neural aberrations in PWH. This study fills an important gap in understanding the impact of cannabis use on brain and cognitive function in PWH.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.25634","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T18:15:21Z","timestamp":1630433721000},"page":"5446-5457","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Cannabis use impacts pre\u2010stimulus neural activity in the visual cortices of people with <scp>HIV<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4656-8374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Christopher\u2010Hayes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Human Neuroscience Boys Town National Research Hospital  Boys Town Nebraska USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brandon J.","family":"Lew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Human Neuroscience Boys Town National Research Hospital  Boys Town Nebraska USA"},{"name":"College of Medicine University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC)  Omaha Nebraska USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0917-1570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alex I.","family":"Wiesman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Human Neuroscience Boys Town National Research Hospital  Boys Town Nebraska USA"},{"name":"College of Medicine University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC)  Omaha Nebraska USA"},{"name":"Montreal Neurological Institute McGill University  Montr\u00e9al Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mikki","family":"Schantell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Human Neuroscience Boys Town National Research Hospital  Boys Town Nebraska USA"},{"name":"College of Medicine University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC)  Omaha Nebraska USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"O'Neill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases UNMC  Omaha Nebraska USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pamela E.","family":"May","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Sciences UNMC  Omaha Nebraska USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Swindells","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases UNMC  Omaha Nebraska USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5053-8306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tony W.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Human Neuroscience Boys Town National Research Hospital  Boys Town Nebraska USA"},{"name":"College of Medicine University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC)  Omaha Nebraska USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000287431.88658.8b"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2014.01.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2012.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","volume-title":"Beck depression inventory\u2013II. 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