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However, the impact of stimulating brain regions earlier in the pathway, including early visual regions, is poorly understood. In this study, 28 healthy adults underwent three high\u2010definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD\u2010tDCS) visits (i.e., anodal, cathodal, and sham). During each visit, they completed 20\u00a0min of occipital HD\u2010tDCS and then a modified Posner task during magnetoencephalography (MEG). MEG data were transformed into the time\u2010frequency domain and significant oscillatory events were imaged using a beamformer. Oscillatory response amplitude values were extracted from peak voxels in the whole\u2010brain maps and were statistically compared. Behaviorally, we found that the participants responded slowly when attention reallocation was needed (i.e., the validity effect), irrespective of the stimulation condition. Our neural findings indicated that cathodal HD\u2010tDCS was associated with significantly reduced theta validity effects in the occipital cortices, as well as reduced alpha validity effects in the left occipital and parietal cortices relative to anodal HD\u2010tDCS. Additionally, anodal occipital stimulation significantly increased gamma amplitude in right occipital regions relative to cathodal and sham stimulation. Finally, we also found a negative correlation between the alpha validity effect and reaction time following anodal stimulation. Our findings suggest that HD\u2010tDCS of the occipital cortices has a polarity dependent impact on the multispectral neural oscillations serving attentional reorientation in healthy adults, and that such effects may reflect altered local GABA concentrations in the neural circuitry serving attentional reorientation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.25764","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,8]],"date-time":"2022-01-08T07:47:03Z","timestamp":1641628023000},"page":"1930-1940","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["High\u2010definition transcranial direct current stimulation of the occipital cortices induces polarity dependent effects within the brain regions serving attentional reorientation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7612-6871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasra","family":"Arif","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Human Neuroscience Boys Town National Research Hospital  Omaha Nebraska USA"},{"name":"College of Medicine University of Nebraska Medical Center  Omaha Nebraska USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8173-6957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine M.","family":"Embury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Human Neuroscience Boys Town National Research Hospital  Omaha Nebraska USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Nebraska  Omaha Nebraska USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel K.","family":"Spooner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Human Neuroscience Boys Town National Research Hospital  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