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We hypothesized that tinnitus patients with different outcomes after sound therapy (narrowband noise) would have distinct brain network topological alterations. Diffusion tensor imaging and resting\u2010state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) were prospectively performed in 60 patients with idiopathic tinnitus and 57 healthy controls (HCs). Graph\u2010theoretical network analyses of structural connectivity (SC), functional connectivity (FC), and SC and FC coupling were performed. Associations between clinical performance and graph\u2010theoretical features were also analyzed. Treatment was effective (effective group; EG) in 28 patients and ineffective (ineffective group; IG) in 32 patients. For FC, the patients in the EG showed higher local efficiency than patients in the IG. For SC, patients in both the EG and IG displayed lower normalized characteristic path length, characteristic path length, and global efficiency than the HCs. More importantly, patients in the IG had higher coupling than the HCs, whereas there was no difference in coupling between patients in the EG and HCs. Additionally, there were significant associations between the SC features and clinical performance in patients in the EG. Our findings demonstrate that tinnitus patients exhibited significant brain network topological alterations, especially in the structural brain network. More importantly, patients who demonstrated different curative effects showed distinct SC\u2010FC topological coupling properties. SC\u2010FC coupling could be an indicator that could be used to predict prognoses in patients with idiopathic tinnitus before sound therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.25848","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,25]],"date-time":"2022-03-25T09:40:51Z","timestamp":1648201251000},"page":"3245-3256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Distinct brain structural\u2010functional network topological coupling explains different outcomes in tinnitus patients treated with sound therapy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5210-9647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qian","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing 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