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High\u2010resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has proven itself as a valuable tool to investigate the cortical landscape and its (mal\u2010)adaptive plasticity with respect to various body part representations, in particular extremities such as the hand and fingers. Less is known, however, about the cortical representation of the human back. We therefore validated a novel, MRI\u2010compatible method of mapping cortical representations of sensory afferents of the back, using vibrotactile stimulation at varying frequencies and paraspinal locations, in conjunction with fMRI. We expected high\u2010frequency stimulation to be associated with differential neuronal activity in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) compared with low\u2010frequency stimulation and that somatosensory representations would differ across the thoracolumbar axis. We found significant differences between neural representations of high\u2010frequency and low\u2010frequency stimulation and between representations of thoracic and lumbar paraspinal locations, in several bilateral S1 sub\u2010regions, and in regions of the primary motor cortex (M1). High\u2010frequency stimulation preferentially activated Brodmann Area (BA) regions BA3a and BA4p, whereas low\u2010frequency stimulation was more encoded in BA3b and BA4a. Moreover, we found clear topographic differences in S1 for representations of the upper and lower back during high\u2010frequency stimulation. We present the first neurobiological validation of a method for establishing detailed cortical maps of the human back, which might serve as a novel tool to evaluate the pathological significance of neuroplastic changes in clinical conditions such as chronic low back pain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.26052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]],"date-time":"2022-08-18T06:17:42Z","timestamp":1660803462000},"page":"4943-4953","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["In the back of your mind: Cortical mapping of paraspinal afferent inputs"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9260-0430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David M.","family":"Cole","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrative Spinal Research, Department of Chiropractic Medicine Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Hospital of Psychiatry University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"St\u00e4mpfli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Hospital of Psychiatry University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"},{"name":"MR\u2010Center of the Psychiatric Hospital University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Gandia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Competence Center Thermal Energy Storage Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts  Lucerne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Louis","family":"Schibli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Competence Center Thermal Energy Storage Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts  Lucerne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandro","family":"Gantner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Competence Center Thermal Energy Storage Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts  Lucerne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philipp","family":"Schuetz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Competence Center Thermal Energy Storage Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts  Lucerne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6004-8338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael L.","family":"Meier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrative Spinal Research, Department of Chiropractic Medicine Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich  Zurich 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