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The AM transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) has recently been adopted to examine various cognitive functions, but its neural mechanism remains unclear. The current study utilized the phosphene phenomenon to investigate whether, in an AM\u2010tACS, the AM frequency could modulate or even override the carrier frequency in phosphene percept. We measured the phosphene threshold and the perceived flash rate\/pattern from 12 human subjects (four females, aged from 20\u201344\u2009years old) under tACS that paired carrier waves (10, 14, 18, 22\u2009Hz) with different envelope conditions (0, 2, 4\u00a0Hz) over the mid\u2010occipital and left facial areas. We also examined the phosphene source by adopting a high\u2010density stimulation montage. Our results revealed that (1) phosphene threshold was higher for AM\u2010tACS than sinusoidal tACS and demonstrated different carrier frequency functions in two stimulation montages. (2) AM\u2010tACS slowed down the phosphene flashing and abolished the relation between the carrier frequency and flash percept in sinusoidal tACS. This effect was independent of the intensity change of the stimulation. (3) Left facial stimulation elicited phosphene in the upper\u2010left visual field, while occipital stimulation elicited equally distributed phosphene. (4) The near\u2010eye electrodermal activity (EDA) measured under the threshold\u2010level occipital tACS was greater than the lowest power sufficient to elicit retinal phosphene. Our results show that AM frequency may override the carrier frequency and determine the perceived flashing frequency of AM\u2010tACS\u2010induced phosphene.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.26111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,17]],"date-time":"2022-10-17T09:49:35Z","timestamp":1666000175000},"page":"914-926","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Amplitude modulating frequency overrides carrier frequency in <scp>tACS<\/scp>\u2010induced phosphene percept"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Che\u2010Yi","family":"Hsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, College of Health Sciences and Technology National Central University  Taoyuan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tzu\u2010Ling","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, 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